Find the number of positive integers between 1 and 2014 inclusive such that is an integer.
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We note that for 1 ≤ n ≤ 2 0 1 4 , 9 9 9 9 − n 8 n is positive and for it to be a positive integer.
9 9 9 9 − n 8 n 8 n 9 n n ≥ 1 ≥ 9 9 9 9 − n ≥ 9 9 9 9 ≥ 1 1 1 1
Therefore, there is no integer solution for n < 1 1 1 1 and when n = 1 1 1 1 , 9 9 9 9 − n 8 n = 1 , a solution.
We note that 9 9 9 9 − n 8 n is an increasing function, because:
d n d ( 9 9 9 9 − n 8 n ) = ( 9 9 9 9 − n ) 2 8 ( 9 9 9 9 − n ) + 8 n = ( 9 9 9 9 − n ) 2 8 ( 9 9 9 9 ) > 0 ∀ n
Since, when n = 2 0 1 4 , 9 9 9 9 − n 8 n = 9 9 9 9 − 2 0 1 4 8 ( 2 0 1 4 ) ≈ 2 . 0 1 8 , the only other integer solution is 2. Let us check:
9 9 9 9 − n 8 n 8 n 1 0 n n = 2 = 1 9 9 9 8 − 2 n = 1 9 9 9 8 = 1 9 9 9 . 8 (Not an integer)
Therefore, there is only 1 integer solution, that is 1, when n = 1111.