Consider △ A B C having sides A B = A C = 1 4 cm and B C = 2 0 cm .
Let I be the incentre of △ A B C and G be the centroid of the triangle formed by joining the points at which the sides A B , B C and C A are tangent to the incircle of △ A B C .
If I G = c a b cm where g cd ( a , c ) = 1 and b is square-free, then submit your answer as a + b + c .
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Let M be the midpoint of BC. ∴ A M b y P y t h a g o r a s i s 4 6 . M i s 0 n e v e r t e x a n d l e t T 1 , T 2 b e o t h e r t w o v e r t i c e s o f t h e Δ f o r m e d b y t a n g e n c y p o i n t s . I n r a d i u s , r = 2 1 ∗ ( 1 4 + 1 4 + 2 0 ) 2 1 ∗ 2 0 ∗ 4 6 = 3 5 6 . S i n 2 A = 7 5 . − T 1 G = + T 2 G = r ∗ S i n 2 A = 7 5 ∗ r . Let I be the origin of the rectangular coordinate system with AM along X=0. ∴ I ( 0 , 0 ) , M ( 0 , − r ) , T 1 ( − p , 7 5 ∗ r ) , T 2 ( + p , 7 5 ∗ r ) , ∴ G ⎝ ⎜ ⎛ 3 0 , 3 r ( − 1 + 7 5 + 7 5 ) ⎠ ⎟ ⎞ = ( 0 , 2 1 5 6 ) . ∴ I G = 2 1 5 6 = c a b . ∴ a + b + c = 3 2
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A solution using similarity and Pythagorean Theorem:
Let the midpoint of BC be M. Let the two other points of tangency of the incircle be J and L. Let K be the midpoint of the segment JL.
Note that G,I and M all lie on the perpendicular bisector of △ A B C , so they are collinear.
Let the inradius be r. 2 1 r ( 1 4 + 1 4 + 2 0 ) = A r e a = 2 4 ∗ 1 0 ∗ 1 0 ∗ 4 (using Heron's formula)
Hence r = 3 5 6 .
It is known that the centroid divides a median into 2 segments of ratio 1 : 2 .
A M = 1 4 2 − 1 0 2 = 4 6
Also, △ A B C ∼ △ A J L and J B = B M = 1 0 , so J K = 1 4 4 1 4 4 − 1 0 2 = 7 8 6
Thus G M = 3 2 ∗ ( 4 6 − 7 8 6 ) = 2 1 4 0 6
⇒ I G = G M − I M = 2 1 4 0 6 − 3 5 6 = 2 1 5 6 ⇒ a + b + c = 5 + 6 + 2 1 = 3 2