Is the given expression integrable?

Calculus Level 3

A = π / 6 π / 3 sin ( x ) x d x A= \displaystyle \int_{{\pi} / {6}}^{{\pi} / {3}} \frac{\sin(x)}{x} \, dx

Which of the following is true?


If you're looking to skyrocket your preparation for JEE-2015, then go for solving this set of questions .
1 3 < A < π 6 \frac13 < A < \frac\pi6 π 6 < A < 1 \frac\pi6 < A < 1 1 < A < π 3 1 < A < \frac\pi3 π 3 < A < π \frac \pi 3 < A < \pi

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3 solutions

Kunal Gupta
Feb 20, 2015

A Quick Solution: Consider the Curve of y = sin x y=\sin x and and y = 2 π x y=\dfrac{2}{\pi}x from x = 0 x=0 to x = π 2 x=\frac{\pi}{2} . Clearly sin x \sin x > 2 π x \dfrac{2}{\pi}x or sin x x > 2 π \frac { \sin { x } }{ x } >\frac { 2 }{ \pi } Now, Integrating LHS & RHS with limits x = π 6 x=\frac{\pi}{6} to x = π 3 x=\frac{\pi}{3} we get: \quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad π 6 π 3 sin x x d x > π 6 π 3 2 π d x \displaystyle\int_{\frac{\pi}{6}}^{\frac{\pi}{3}}\dfrac{\sin x}{x}dx > \displaystyle\int_{\frac{\pi}{6}}^{\frac{\pi}{3}}\dfrac{2}{\pi}dx i.e π 6 π 3 sin x x d x > 1 3 \displaystyle\int_{\frac{\pi}{6}}^{\frac{\pi}{3}}\dfrac{\sin x}{x}dx >\dfrac{1}{3} . Now we need to find the upper bound for the integral . As sin x < x \sin x < x in +ve x -axis. Hence, Doing as above, π 6 π 3 sin x x d x < π 6 π 3 d x \displaystyle\int _{ \frac { \pi }{ 6 } }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 3 } }{ \frac { \sin { x } }{ x } } dx<\displaystyle\int _{ \frac { \pi }{ 6 } }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 3 } }{ dx } or, π 6 π 3 sin x x d x < π 6 \displaystyle\int _{ \frac { \pi }{ 6 } }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 3 } }{ \frac { \sin { x } }{ x } } dx <\dfrac{\pi}{6}
So, \quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad 1 3 < π 6 π 3 sin x x d x < π 6 \boxed{\dfrac{1}{3}<\displaystyle\int _{ \frac { \pi }{ 6 } }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 3 } }{ \frac { \sin { x } }{ x } } dx < \dfrac{\pi}{6}}

Your solution is nice, but I have a doubt that if the value of integral lies between 1 3 \dfrac{1}{3} and π 6 \dfrac{\pi}{6} it should lie between 1 and π 2 \dfrac{\pi}{2} too.

Prakhar Gupta - 6 years, 3 months ago

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Thanks for appreciating @Prakhar Gupta .Btw the upper bound for the integral given in the Question is more stringent as 0 sin x x d x = π 2 \displaystyle \int_{0}^{\infty} {\dfrac{\sin x}{x}}dx = \dfrac{\pi}{2} , so a more lower estimate is always a good approximation.The case is same for the Lower Bound

Kunal Gupta - 6 years, 3 months ago

That's what I think. It depends on the functions which we take. Initially I took sin(x)/x < 1/x which gave a result but no option matched.

Prakash Chandra Rai - 6 years, 3 months ago
Patanjali Dwivedi
Mar 22, 2015

Well, if not interested in doing calculation and to save time in JEE ,it is better to deal with option elimination. As in such types of problems where there are options that can be manipulated through logical thinking and some general concept. As, ( sinx<x<tanx) Therefore, sinx/x will always less than 1. i.e (sinx/x<1). There is only one option where both value is less than 1 is 1/3 and pi/3. I think you all like this way too.

Ashutosh Sharma
Jan 24, 2018

use the fact that sinx>2x/pi and less than x .thus required integral lies in int (2/pi)<I<int(1) with given limits.note: here I is given integral.

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