p prime ∑ p 2 1 q < p q prime ∏ q 2 q 2 − 1
If this sum can be represented as a − c π d b , with b and c coprime. Input the value of a + b + c + d .
Bonus: Generalize by replacing the 2 in the exponent by n
Clarification: When no q satisfies the conditions in the product, i.e. when p = 2 , suppose the product is 1
Maybe try this next: There is a simple way
This section requires Javascript.
You are seeing this because something didn't load right. We suggest you, (a) try
refreshing the page, (b) enabling javascript if it is disabled on your browser and,
finally, (c)
loading the
non-javascript version of this page
. We're sorry about the hassle.
There is just a little typo, products became sums...
I will denote by p n the n t h prime number, m ∈ N ∗ .
n = 1 ∑ N p n m 1 k < n ∏ ( 1 − p k m 1 ) = − n = 1 ∑ N ( 1 − p n m 1 ) k < n ∏ ( 1 − p k m 1 ) + n = 1 ∑ N k < n ∏ ( 1 − p k m 1 ) = − n = 2 ∑ N + 1 k < n ∏ ( 1 − p k m 1 ) + n = 1 ∑ N k < n ∏ ( 1 − p k m 1 ) = k < 1 ∏ ( 1 − p k m 1 ) − k < N + 1 ∏ ( 1 − p k m 1 ) = 1 − k < N + 1 ∏ ( 1 − p k m 1 )
Therefore,
n = 1 ∑ N p n m 1 k < n ∏ ( 1 − p k m 1 ) N → + ∞ ⟶ 1 − ζ ( m ) 1 ie , n = 1 ∑ + ∞ p n m 1 k < n ∏ ( 1 − p k m 1 ) = 1 − ζ ( m ) 1
After breaking the summation we easily can note a very familiar series. ∑ p r i m e s p 2 1 ∏ q < p ( q 2 q 2 − 1 )
= 2 2 1 + 3 2 1 − 2 2 3 2 1 − 5 2 1 − 2 2 5 2 1 − 3 2 5 2 1 + 2 2 3 2 5 2 1 − . . . . =
∑ p p 2 1 − ∑ p , q p 2 q 2 1 + ∑ p , q , r p 2 q 2 r 2 1 − . . . . .
And this equals to
1 − ∏ p r i m e s ( 1 − p 2 1 ) = 1 − ζ ( 2 ) 1 = 1 − π 2 6
So, a = 1 , b = 6 , c = 1 , d = 2 .
So, a + b + c + d = 1 0 .
[ p , q , r . . . . denote primes].
Problem Loading...
Note Loading...
Set Loading...
The term p 2 1 q < p ∏ q 2 q 2 − 1 is equal to the sum of all terms of the form p 1 2 p 2 2 ⋯ p k 2 ( − 1 ) k − 1 where p 1 , p 2 , . . . , p k are prime and p 1 < p 2 < ⋯ < p k = p . Thus the required sum is equal to p ∑ p 2 1 q < p ∏ q 2 q 2 − 1 = 1 − p ∏ ( 1 − p 2 1 ) = 1 − ζ ( 2 ) − 1 = 1 − π 2 6 making the answer 1 + 6 + 1 + 2 = 1 0 .