Is this a Diophantine or maybe, not

Algebra Level pending

Given that the real numbers a , b a, b satisfy a 3 + b 3 + 3 a b = 1 a^{3}+b^{3}+3ab=1 . Find a + b a+b . Given that there are 2 possible values for a + b a+b which are x x and y y , submit your final answer as 3 x + 30 y 3x+30y where x < y x<y .


The answer is 24.

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2 solutions

Writing the given equation as a cubic equation in a a we have a 3 + 3 b a + ( b 3 1 ) = 0 a^3+3ba+(b^3-1)=0 . The discriminant of this equation is ( b 3 + 1 ) 2 -(b^3+1)^2 which is less than or equal to 0 0 . So for real roots of the equation, b 3 + 1 = 0 b = 1 a 3 3 a 2 = 0 b^3+1=0\implies b=-1\implies a^3-3a-2=0 or ( a + 1 ) 2 ( a 2 ) = 0 (a+1)^2(a-2)=0 . So, a = 1 a=-1 or a = 2 a=2 . Hence x = 2 , y = 1 x=-2, y=1 and 3 x + 30 y = 24 3x+30y=\boxed {24} .

Aliter -

a 3 + b 3 + 3 a b = 1 a 3 + b 3 + ( 1 ) 3 3 a b ( 1 ) = 0 1 2 ( a + b 1 ) [ ( a b ) 2 + ( b + 1 ) 2 + ( a + 1 ) 2 ] = 0 a^3+b^3+3ab=1\implies a^3+b^3+(-1)^3-3ab(-1)=0\implies \dfrac{1}{2}(a+b-1)[(a-b) ^2+(b+1)^2+(a+1)^2]=0 . So a + b = 1 a+b=1 or a = b = 1 a + b = 2 a=b=-1\implies a+b=-2 . Thus x = 2 , y = 1 x=-2,y=1 and 3 x + 30 y = 24 3x+30y=\boxed {24}

Nice solution, but it will be nice if you don't use cubic discriminant. Think of another way

Nitin Kumar - 1 year, 3 months ago

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See the alternative method.

A Former Brilliant Member - 1 year, 3 months ago

yeah , sorry didnt see. Yup, that was the one i was looking for. Good job

Nitin Kumar - 1 year, 3 months ago
Aryan Sanghi
Mar 8, 2020

This can be rearranged as a 3 a ^ 3 + b 3 b ^ 3 + (-1) 3 ^ 3 - 3 (a)(b)(-1) = 0

Now a + b - 1 = 0 means a + b = 1

or a 2 a ^ 2 + b 2 b ^ 2 + (-1) 2 ^2 - ab - b(-1) - a(-1) = 0 means a = b = -1 means a + b = -2

Therefore x = -2 and y = 1 or 3x + 30y = 24

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