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Algebra Level 2

If the p th p^\text{th} , q th q^\text{th} and r th r^\text{th} term of an arithmetic progression is a , b a , b and c c , respectively, then find the value of a ( q r ) + b ( r p ) + c ( p q ) a(q-r)+b(r-p)+c(p-q) .


The answer is 0.

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2 solutions

Let the n n th term of the arithmetic progression be t n = A + ( n 1 ) d t_{n} = A + (n - 1)d for some reals A , d A,d .

If d = 0 d = 0 then a = b = c a = b = c , in which case the given expression equals a ( q r + r p + p q ) = 0 a(q - r + r - p + p - q) = 0 .

So now suppose d 0 d \ne 0 .

Then t q t r = ( A + ( q 1 ) d ) ( A + ( r 1 ) d ) b c = ( q r ) d q r = b c d t_{q} - t_{r} = (A + (q - 1)d) - (A + (r - 1)d) \Longrightarrow b - c = (q - r)d \Longrightarrow q - r = \dfrac{b - c}{d} .

Similarly c a = ( r p ) d r p = c a d c - a = (r - p)d \Longrightarrow r - p = \dfrac{c - a}{d} and a b = ( p q ) d p q = a b d a - b = (p - q)d \Longrightarrow p - q = \dfrac{a - b}{d} .

Then for d 0 d \ne 0 we have that a ( q r ) + b ( r p ) + c ( p q ) = a(q - r) + b(r - p) + c(p - q) =

a × ( b c ) d + b × ( c a ) d + c × ( a b ) d = a \times \dfrac{(b - c)}{d} + b \times \dfrac{(c - a)}{d} + c \times \dfrac{(a - b)}{d} =

1 d × ( a ( b c ) + b ( c a ) + c ( a b ) ) = 1 d ( a b a c + b c a b + c a c b ) = 0 \dfrac{1}{d} \times (a(b - c) + b(c - a) + c(a - b)) = \dfrac{1}{d}(ab - ac + bc - ab + ca - cb) = 0 .

So for any reals A , d A,d the given expression is equal to 0 \boxed{0} .

Amazingly done!

Steven Jim - 4 years, 1 month ago

let the arithmetic progression be 2 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 10 , 12 2,4,6,8,10,12 . We let p t h = a = 2 , q t h = b = 4 p^{th}=a=2, q^{th}=b=4 and r t h = c = 6 r^{th}=c=6 .

Now,

a ( q r ) + b ( r p ) + c ( p q ) = 2 ( 4 6 ) + 4 ( 6 2 ) + 6 ( 2 4 ) = 4 + 16 12 = 0 a(q-r)+b(r-p)+c(p-q)=2(4-6)+4(6-2)+6(2-4)=-4+16-12=0

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