If 9 − 2 1 4 = a − b , where a and b are integers, find a − b .
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For those who cannot see the perfect square:
9 − 2 1 4 = a − b 9 − 2 1 4 = a + b − 2 a b
By comparison:
a + b = 9 − 2 1 4 = − 2 a b
Use the second equation:
− 2 1 4 = − 2 a b a b = 1 4 b = a 1 4
Substitute into the first equation:
a + a 1 4 = 9 a 2 − 9 a + 1 4 = 0 ( a − 7 ) ( a − 2 ) = 0 a = 7 , 2
When a = 7 , b = 7 1 4 = 2
When a = 2 , b = 2 1 4 = 7
Now, notice that 9 − 2 1 4 > 0 , therefore a > b ⟹ a > b
Therefore, a = 7 , b = 2 and a − b = 7 − 2 = 5
9 − 2 1 4 = ( 7 ) 2 + ( 2 ) 2 − 2 7 ⋅ 2 = 7 − 2 Hence, 7 − 2 = 5 .
Otherwise we can square both side and combare to get a + b = 9 and a b = 1 4 which on solving gives a = 7 , b = 2 .
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9 − 2 1 4 = 7 − 2 1 4 + 2
= ( 7 ) 2 − 2 7 2 + ( 2 ) 2 = ( 7 − 2 ) 2 = 7 − 2
a = 7 and b = 2 , so a − b = 5