Evaluate the sum of all real values of x that satisfy the following equation.
8 x + 1 + 4 4 ⋅ 2 x + 1 + 6 4 = 1 9 ⋅ 4 x + 1
This problem was adapted from ITA's 2013 Math Paper.
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8 x + 1 − 1 9 ⋅ 4 x + 1 + 4 4 ⋅ 2 x + 1 + 6 4 = 0 y = 2 x + 1 ⇒ y 3 − 1 9 y 2 + 4 4 y + 6 4 = 0 1 + 4 4 = − 1 9 + 6 4 ⇒ y = − 1 ( y + 1 ) ( y 2 − 2 0 y + 6 4 ) = 0 V y = { − 1 , 4 , 1 6 } 2 x + 1 = − 1 , 2 2 , 2 4 2 k ≥ 0 , ∀ k ∈ R x + 1 = 2 , x + 1 = 4 V x = { 3 , 1 5 } Σ ( x ) = 1 8 .
There is a typo in the problem: The right-hand side should be 1 9 ⋅ 4 x + 1 , not 1 9 ⋅ 4 x + 1 .
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EDIT: Fixed. Thanks a lot for telling me, Jon.
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8 x + 1 − 1 9 × 4 x + 1 + 4 4 × 2 x + 1 + 6 4 = 0
Substituting 2 x + 1 = a ,
a 3 − 1 9 a 2 + 4 4 a + 6 4 = 0
a 3 + a 2 − 2 0 a 2 − 2 0 a + 6 4 a + 6 4 = 0
a 2 ( a + 1 ) − 2 0 a ( a + 1 ) + 6 4 ( a + 1 ) = 0
( a + 1 ) ( a 2 − 2 0 a + 6 4 ) = 0
( a + 1 ) ( a − 1 6 ) ( a − 4 ) = 0
( 2 x + 1 + 1 ) ( 2 x + 1 − 1 6 ) ( 2 x + 1 − 4 ) = 0
Now, 2 x + 1 − 1 6 = 0 ⟶ x = 1 5
2 x + 1 − 4 = 0 ⟶ x = 3
2 x + 1 + 1 = 0 has no real value.
Hence, the answer is 1 5 + 3 = 1 8