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In the second last line it should be 1 = 4x - 4
Multiply both sides by x + 1 + x − 1 (it is positive). We then have x + 1 + x − 1 = 2 . Subtract the equations and you'll see that 2 x − 1 = 1 ⟹ x − 1 = 2 1 ⟹ x − 1 = 4 1 ⟹ x = 4 5
take root over(x-1) in the other side...and then square both sides..
5 and 4 are co-prime
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x + 1 − x − 1 = 1 → x + 1 = 1 + x − 1 x + 1 = 1 + 2 x − 1 + x − 1 → 1 = 2 x − 1 1 = 4 x + 4 → 4 x = 4 + 1 = 5 → x = 4 5 So p + q = 5 + 4 = 9