In the above diagram and are squares and the vertices of square touch square at the midpoint of and vertex .
What fractional part of the total area is shaded red?
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In the diagram above the four red triangles are all similar.
M C = 2 5 ⟹ A △ M B C = 2 1 ( 2 1 ) ( 1 ) = 4 1 and △ A M S ∼ △ M B C ⟹
2 x 1 = 2 ⟹ x = 4 1 ⟹ A △ A M S = 2 1 ( 2 1 ) ( 4 1 ) = 1 6 1
△ C T D ∼ △ M B C ⟹ 2 5 = y 1 ⟹ y = 5 2
⟹ D T = 1 − 5 4 = 5 1 ⟹ A △ C D T = 2 1 ( 5 2 ) ( 5 1 ) = 5 1
and R D = 2 5 − 5 1 = 2 5 3 and △ S R D ∼ △ M B C ⟹
3 2 5 = 2 z 1 ⟹ z = 4 5 3 ⟹ A △ S R D = 2 1 ( 4 5 3 ) ( 2 5 3 ) = 8 0 9
⟹ A r e d = 4 1 + 1 6 1 + 5 1 + 8 0 9 = 8 5
The total area A T = A Q M C P + A △ M B C + A △ A M S = 4 5 + 4 1 + 1 6 1 = 1 6 2 5
⟹ the desired area A = A T A r e d = 5 2 = 0 . 4 .