It's All Tetrahedrons

Geometry Level 4

In the irregular tetrahedron above, find the value of a a for which the surface area S = 1 2 S = \dfrac{1}{2} .

Express the answer to five decimal places.


The answer is 0.27096.

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1 solution

Rocco Dalto
Oct 12, 2018

A E C \triangle{AEC} is an isosceles triangle E M \implies EM is the perpendicular bisector of base A C AC M E C \implies \triangle{MEC} is a right triangle and A M = M C AM = MC .

Since A C B \angle{ACB} is a common angle to both right triangle A B C ABC and M E C A B C M E C 2 m m = x + a a x = a MEC \implies \triangle{ABC} \sim \triangle{MEC} \implies \dfrac{2m}{m} = \dfrac{x + a}{a} \implies x = a and the pythagorean theorem in A B C y = 2 m = 3 a \triangle{ABC} \implies y = 2m = \sqrt{3}a .

The surface area S = a 2 2 ( 3 + 18 + 6 ) + A 4 S = \dfrac{a^2}{2}(\sqrt{3} + \sqrt{18} + \sqrt{6}) + A_{4}

For A 4 A_{4} :

Using Heron's formula A 4 = a 2 4 ( 5 + 7 ) ( 5 7 ) ( 7 1 ) ( 7 + 1 ) = a 2 4 18 6 = 3 3 2 a 2 \implies A_{4} = \dfrac{a^2}{4}\sqrt{(5 + \sqrt{7})(5 - \sqrt{7})(\sqrt{7} - 1)(\sqrt{7} + 1)} = \dfrac{a^2}{4}\sqrt{18*6} = \dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}a^2

S = a 2 2 ( 4 3 + 6 + 3 2 ) = 1 2 \implies S = \dfrac{a^2}{2}(4\sqrt{3} + \sqrt{6} + 3\sqrt{2}) = \dfrac{1}{2} \implies

a = 1 4 3 + 6 + 3 2 0.27096 a = \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{4\sqrt{3} + \sqrt{6} + 3\sqrt{2}}} \approx \boxed{0.27096} .

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