It's All Volumes!

Geometry Level 3

In the first diagram the filled water is 8 8 cm from the vertex of the square pyramid.

In the second diagram the square pyramid is turned upside down and the filled water is 2 2 cm from the base of the square pyramid.

What is the height of the pyramid?


The answer is 10.2195.

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1 solution

Rocco Dalto
Jan 26, 2020

Clearly in both cases the volume is the same.

In both diagrams below replace R Q = x RQ = x by x 2 \dfrac{x}{2} and S T = x 1 ST = x_{1} and M N = x 2 MN = x_{2} by x 1 2 \dfrac{x_{1}}{2} and x 2 2 \dfrac{x_{2}}{2} respectively.

For volume V 1 V_{1} :

Using the above diagram P T S P R Q 16 x 1 = 2 h x x 1 = 8 x h \triangle{PTS} \sim \triangle{PRQ} \implies \dfrac{16}{x_{1}} = \dfrac{2h}{x} \implies x_{1} = \dfrac{8x}{h} \implies

V 1 = 1 3 ( x 2 8 ( 64 x 2 h 2 ) ) = 1 3 x 2 ( h 3 512 h 2 ) V_{1} = \dfrac{1}{3}(x^2 - 8(\dfrac{64x^2}{h^2})) = \dfrac{1}{3}x^2(\dfrac{h^3 - 512}{h^2})

For V 2 V_{2} :

Using the second diagram above P M N P R Q h 2 x 2 = h x \triangle{P'MN} \sim \triangle{P'RQ} \implies \dfrac{h - 2}{x_{2}} = \dfrac{h}{x}

x 2 = ( h 2 ) x h V 2 = 1 3 x 2 ( h 2 ) 3 h 2 \implies x_{2} = \dfrac{(h - 2)x}{h} \implies V_{2} = \dfrac{1}{3}x^2\dfrac{(h - 2)^3}{h^2}

V 1 = V 2 h 3 512 = h 3 6 h 2 + 12 h 8 h 2 2 h 84 = 0 V_{1} = V_{2} \implies h^3 - 512 = h^3 - 6h^2 + 12h - 8 \implies h^2 - 2h - 84 = 0 \implies

h = 1 + 85 h = 1 + \sqrt{85} choosing the positive root.

h = 1 + 85 10.2195 \therefore \boxed{h = 1 + \sqrt{85} \approx 10.2195} .

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