It's complicated

Algebra Level 5

a + a + 8 b a 2 + b 2 = 2 and b + 8 a b a 2 + b 2 = 0. a+\frac{a+8b}{a^{2}+b^{2}}=2 \text{ and } b+\frac{8a -b}{a^{2}+b^{2}}=0.

Give the sum of the elements in all ordered pairs of real numbers ( a , b ) (a, b) such that the two equations above are satisfied.

Hint: Sometimes, you have to make the problem more complex to solve it.


The answer is 2.

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1 solution

Multiply the second equation by i i :

b i + 8 a i b i a 2 + b 2 = 0 bi+\dfrac{8ai-bi}{a^2+b^2}=0

And add it to the first one:

a + b i + a + 8 b + i ( 8 a b ) a 2 + b 2 = 2 a+bi+\dfrac{a+8b+i(8a-b)}{a^2+b^2}=2

Factor the numerator and the denominator of the fraction:

a + b i + ( 1 + 8 i ) ( a b i ) ( a + b i ) ( a b i ) = 2 a + b i + 1 + 8 i a + b i = 2 a+bi+\dfrac{(1+8i)(a-bi)}{(a+bi)(a-bi)}=2 \\ a+bi+\dfrac{1+8i}{a+bi}=2

Multiply both sides by a + b i a+bi :

( a + b i ) 2 2 ( a + b i ) + 1 + 8 i = 0 (a+bi)^2-2(a+bi)+1+8i=0

Solve the quadratic in a + b i a+bi , using the quadratic formula:

a + b i = 1 ± 1 ( 1 + 8 i ) a + b i = 1 ± 2 2 i a + b i = 1 ± 2 ( 1 + i ) a+bi=1 \pm \sqrt{1-(1+8i)} \\ a+bi=1 \pm 2\sqrt{-2i} \\ a+bi=1\pm 2(-1+i)

We have two pairs of real solutions, comparing both real and imaginary parts:

( a , b ) = ( 1 , 2 ) (a,b)=(-1,2) , ( a , b ) = ( 3 , 2 ) (a,b)=(3,-2)

So, the sum is 1 + 2 + 3 2 = 2 -1+2+3-2=\boxed{2} .

Note: this method only gives us the real solutions, if we want all complex solutions, we can find a b i a-bi with a similar method, and then obtain a a and b b by adding and subtracting all the four possible combinations of values.

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