It’s differentiation time!

Calculus Level 3

A conical vessel has a diameter of 5 meters at the top and a height of 17 meters. Water flows into it at a constant rate of 2 cubic meters per minute. How fast is the water level rising in meters per minute when the water is 4 meters deep? (round off your answer to 2 decimal places)

1.35 1.29 1.84 1.28

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1 solution

Tom Engelsman
Dec 24, 2016

This related rates problem can be expressed as:

d V d t = d V d h d h d t d h d t = d V d t ÷ d V d h . \frac{dV}{dt} = \frac{dV}{dh} \cdot \frac{dh}{dt} \Rightarrow \frac{dh}{dt} = \frac{dV}{dt} \div \frac{dV}{dh}.

If the water has radius r r and height h h at any given moment, then the following relationship holds:

r h = 2.5 17 r = 5 h 34 \frac{r}{h} = \frac{2.5}{17} \Rightarrow r = \frac{5h}{34}

and the conical water volume at that same moment computes to:

V ( h ) = π 3 r 2 h = π 3 ( 5 h 34 ) 2 h = 25 π 3468 h 3 V(h) = \frac{\pi}{3} \cdot r^{2}h = \frac{\pi}{3} \cdot (\frac{5h}{34})^{2}h = \frac{25\pi}{3468} \cdot h^{3}

and d V d h = 25 π 1156 h 2 . \frac{dV}{dh} = \frac{25\pi}{1156} \cdot h^{2}.

So now the water level rate (at h = 4 h = 4 ) is computed as:

d h d t = 2 25 π 1156 4 2 1.84 \frac{dh}{dt} = \frac{2}{\frac{25\pi}{1156} \cdot 4^{2}} \approx \boxed{1.84} m/min.

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