It's a b s o l u t e l y \red{absolutely}

Find the sum of all negative integer x x that satisfies the inequality below:

x 3 × x + 7 x + 3 × x 7 > 0 |x-3|\times|x+7|-|x+3|\times|x-7|>0

Notation: |\cdot| denotes the absolute value function .


The answer is -10.

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3 solutions

Chris Lewis
Jul 29, 2020

We can perform the multiplications in the expression to get x 2 + 4 x 21 > x 2 4 x 21 |x^2+4x-21|>|x^2-4x-21|

A trick we can use here is just squaring both sides; we get ( x 2 + 4 x 21 ) 2 > ( x 2 4 x 21 ) 2 x 4 + 8 x 3 26 x 2 168 x + 441 > x 4 8 x 3 26 x 2 + 168 x + 441 16 x 3 336 x > 0 x ( x 2 21 ) > 0 \begin{aligned} \left(x^2+4x-21)^2>(x^2-4x-21 \right)^2 \\ x^4+8x^3-26x^2-168x+441 > x^4-8x^3-26x^2+168x+441 \\ 16x^3-336x > 0 \\ x(x^2-21) > 0 \end{aligned}

Since we're looking for negative integer x x , we need to find negative integer solutions to x 2 21 < 0 x^2-21<0 (note the change in direction of the inequality, as we've divided by x x , which is negative). These are clearly just the integers 4 , 3 , 2 , 1 -4,-3,-2,-1 with sum 10 \boxed{-10} .


A couple of notes on this approach. It might seem like a crazy idea to choose to go from simple quadratics up to a quartic by squaring. First, the similarity in the two terms suggests there will be a lot of cancellation. Second, the usual method (which works fine) is to deal with the absolute value functions by considering different intervals; we can see the answer should be fairly simple; this again suggests that things should simplify fairly neatly, and we see that they do.

Chew-Seong Cheong
Jul 29, 2020

For 3 x < 0 -3 \le x < 0 , the inequality becomes:

( x + 3 ) ( x + 7 ) ( x + 3 ) ( x + 7 ) > 0 x 2 4 x + 21 + x 2 4 x 21 > 0 8 x > 0 3 x < 0 \begin{aligned} (-x+3)(x+7) - (x+3)(-x+7) & > 0 \\ - x^2 - 4x + 21 + x^2 - 4x - 21 & > 0 \\ - 8 x & > 0 \\ \implies - 3 \le x & < 0 \end{aligned}

For 7 x < 3 -7 \le x < -3 , the inequality becomes:

( x + 3 ) ( x + 7 ) ( x 3 ) ( x + 7 ) > 0 x 2 4 x + 21 x 2 + 4 x + 21 > 0 x 2 < 21 21 x < 3 \begin{aligned} (-x+3)(x+7) - (-x-3)(-x+7) & > 0 \\ -x^2 - 4x + 21 - x^2 + 4x + 21 & > 0 \\ x^2 & < 21 \\ \implies - \sqrt{21} \le x & < - 3 \end{aligned}

For x < 7 x < -7 , the inequality becomes:

( x + 3 ) ( x 7 ) ( x 3 ) ( x + 7 ) > 0 x 2 + 4 x 21 x 2 + 4 x + 21 > 0 8 x 0 There is no solution. \begin{aligned} (-x+3)(-x-7) - (-x-3)(-x+7) & > 0 \\ x^2 + 4x - 21 - x^2 + 4x + 21 & > 0 \\ 8x & \not > 0 & \small \red{\text{There is no solution.}} \end{aligned}

Therefore the range of negative x x satisfying the inequality is 21 x < 0 -\sqrt{21} \le x < 0 and the sum of negative integer x x satisfying the inequality is 4 3 2 1 = 10 -4-3-2-1 = \boxed{-10} .

@Zakir Husain , use references from Brilliant.org if they are available. I have changed that for absolute value function for you.

Chew-Seong Cheong - 10 months, 2 weeks ago
Yajat Shamji
Jul 29, 2020

How I did it was:

( x + 7 ) = 7 (x + 7) = -7

( x + 3 ) = 3 (x + 3) = -3

7 + 3 = 7 3 = -10 -7 + -3 = -7 - 3 = \fbox{-10}

@Zakir Husain

Yajat Shamji - 10 months, 2 weeks ago

This is wrong. You did not demonstrate that no other solutions exist.

Pi Han Goh - 10 months, 2 weeks ago

Hahaha that is funny

Ahmed Pro - 10 months, 2 weeks ago

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