I've seen it before - 5

Algebra Level 4

If p , q p,q and r r are positive numbers in arithmetic progression, then the roots of the equation p x 2 + q x + r = 0 px^{2}+qx+r=0 are all real iff they satisfy:

All p and r \text{All } p \text{ and } r p r 7 4 3 \vert \frac{p}{r}-7\vert \geq 4\sqrt3 p r 4 3 7 \vert \frac{p}{r}-4\sqrt3\vert \geq 7 No p and r \text{No } p \text{ and } r

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2 solutions

Aneesh Kundu
Oct 22, 2014

Since it has real roots, we have

q 2 4 p r 0 Eq.1 q^2-4pr\geq 0\rightarrow \text{Eq.1}

since p , q , r p, q, r are in AP, we have

p + r 2 = q \dfrac{p+r}{2}=q

Substitute back this result in Eq.1 \text{Eq.1} and solving further, we get

p 2 + r 2 14 p r p^2+r^2 \geq 14pr

(Divide both sides by pr )

p r + r p 14 \Rightarrow \dfrac{p}{r}+\dfrac{r}{p} \geq 14

Let p r = a \dfrac{p}{r}=a

a + 1 a = 14 a+\dfrac{1}{a}=14

a 2 14 a + 1 0 \Rightarrow a^2-14a+1 \geq 0

(Add 48 both sides)

a 2 14 a + 49 48 \Rightarrow a^2-14a+49 \geq 48

( a 7 ) 2 48 \Rightarrow (a-7)^2 \geq 48

p r 7 4 3 \boxed{\Rightarrow \left|\dfrac{p}{r}-7\right| \geq 4\sqrt{3}}

If we put a = r p a = \frac{r}{p} , we get the same equations resulting in ( a 7 ) 2 48 (a-7)^2 \geq 48 which gives you r p 7 48 |\frac{r}{p} - 7| \geq \sqrt{48} ? Why is one answer correct and the other not?

Siddhartha Srivastava - 6 years, 7 months ago

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Thanks.

I've updated this question so that those who previously answered r p 7 4 3 | \frac{r}{p} - 7 | \geq 4 \sqrt{3} were marked correct.

I've changed that option, to avoid having 2 correct answers.

Calvin Lin Staff - 6 years, 7 months ago

exact same solution mate... the only wrong i did was to be soo careless and select the option with r p \frac{r}{p} instead of p r \frac{p}{r} ~,_,~

Aritra Jana - 6 years, 7 months ago

Nice question. @Aneesh Kundu

Sanjeet Raria - 6 years, 7 months ago
Homo Sapiens
Oct 22, 2014

for real roots, discriminant of this equation must be \ge 0 and as p,q,r are in arithmatic progression, so q= p + r 2 \frac { p+r }{ 2 }

now,

q 2 4 p r 0 ( p + r 2 ) 2 4 p r 0 p 2 14 p r + r 2 0 p 2 r 2 14 p r + 1 0 p 2 r 2 14 p r + 49 48 ( p r 7 ) 2 48 p r 7 4 3 { q }^{ 2 }-4pr\quad \ge 0\\ \Rightarrow { (\frac { p+r }{ 2 } ) }^{ 2 }\quad -4pr\quad \ge 0\\ \Rightarrow \quad { p }^{ 2 }-14pr+{ r }^{ 2 }\quad \ge 0\\ \Rightarrow \quad \frac { { p }^{ 2 } }{ { r }^{ 2 } } -14\frac { p }{ r } +\quad 1\quad \ge 0\\ \Rightarrow \quad \frac { { p }^{ 2 } }{ { r }^{ 2 } } -14\frac { p }{ r } \quad +\quad 49\quad \ge \quad 48\\ \Rightarrow \quad (\frac { p }{ r } -7)^{ 2 }\quad \ge \quad 48\\ \Rightarrow \quad \left| \frac { p }{ r } -7 \right| \quad \ge \quad 4\sqrt { 3 }

(The problem was much easy to solve than latexing it :P )

u can use \dfrac it displays larger fractions

Aneesh Kundu - 6 years, 7 months ago

Both the solutions are same.... I enjoyed them.

Sanjeet Raria - 6 years, 7 months ago

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