Let's Break Off This Sum First

Algebra Level 4

Define the sequence t r t_r by

r = 1 n t r = n ( n + 1 ) ( n + 2 ) ( n + 3 ) 8 . \sum_{r=1}^n t_r = \dfrac{n(n+1)(n+2)(n+3)}8 .

Find lim n r = 1 n 1 t r \displaystyle \lim_{n\to\infty} \sum_{r=1}^n \dfrac1{t_r} .

1 1 1 2 \frac12 1 4 \frac14 1 8 \frac18

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3 solutions

D. H. Kim
Mar 9, 2016

S n : = i = 1 n t i {S_n} := \displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^n t_i

t n = S n S n 1 = n ( n + 1 ) ( n + 2 ) 2 {t_n} = {S_n} - {S_{n-1}} = \frac {n(n+1)(n+2)}{2}

t n 1 = 2 n ( n + 1 ) ( n + 2 ) = 1 n ( n + 1 ) 1 ( n + 1 ) ( n + 2 ) {t_n^{-1}} = \frac {2}{n(n+1)(n+2)} = \frac {1}{n(n+1)} - \frac {1}{(n+1)(n+2)}

lim n i = 1 n t i 1 = 1 2 1 6 + 1 6 1 12 + \displaystyle \lim_{n→\infty} \displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^n {t_i^{-1}} = \frac {1}{2} - \frac {1}{6} + \frac {1}{6} - \frac {1}{12} + \ldots

= 1 2 = \frac {1}{2}

Note : The penultimate step involved telescoping series - sum , where all the terms except the first are canceled out in pairs.

Absolutely. Did the same way!

Miraj Shah - 5 years, 3 months ago
Pulkit Gupta
Mar 8, 2016

This is not a solution but a hint .

We have the general formula for sum of n terms. Lets call it S n \large S_{n}

From S n \large S_{n} , try to deduce the general expression for n t h \large n^{th} term, say T n \large T_{n} . Remember, T n \large T_{n} = S n + 1 \large S_{n+1} - S n \large S_{n} .

Since, we have to compute : lim n r = 1 n 1 t n \displaystyle \lim_{n\to\infty} \sum_{r=1}^n \dfrac1{t_n} , substitute t n \large t_{n} for the general expression you obtain & apply telescoping series.

The answer should evaluate to 0.5.

If you need more clarification on any step, do comment .

Umair Siddiqui
Mar 9, 2016

summation r (r+1)(r+2) = n (n+1)(n+2)(n+3)/4

this is a basic formula and can be easily derived

hence n (n+1)(n+2)(n+3)/8 = summation r(r+1)(r+2)/2

tr = r(r+1)(r+2)/2

1/tr = 2/r(r+1)(r+2) summation 1/tr = summation 2/r(r+1)(r+2) = sum (1/r - 1/(r+1)) - sum(1/(r+1) - 1/(r+2))

since n-> infinity

sum 1/tr = (1/1) - (1/infinity) - (1/(1+1)) - (1/infinity)

               =  1 - 0.5
               = 0.5

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