⎩ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎨ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎧ a b c d a b + a + b + 1 b c + b + c + 1 = = = 8 ! 3 2 3 3 9 9
If four distinct positive integers a , b , c , d satisfy the system above then find the value of d .
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Arghhh!I didn't think it can be solved so elegantly!Nice done as always sir Brian.I added the two equation and factored them giving ( b + 1 ) ( a + b + c ) = 7 2 2 = 2 × 1 9 2 now since a , b , c , d are positive integers b + 1 is indeed lower than a + b + c and that left me with 3 cases where first b + 1 = 1 second b + 1 = 2 and third b + 1 = 1 9 ... silly me!!
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The second equation can be written as
( a + 1 ) ( b + 1 ) = 3 2 3 = 1 7 × 1 9 ,
and the third equation can be written as
( b + 1 ) ( c + 1 ) = 3 9 9 = 3 × 7 × 1 9 .
By the uniqueness of prime factorization, (i.e., the Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic), since ( b + 1 ) is a common factor of these two equations we must have that ( b + 1 ) = 1 9 ⟹ b = 1 8 .
This implies that ( a + 1 ) = 1 7 ⟹ a = 1 6 and ( c + 1 ) = 2 1 ⟹ c = 2 0 .
So a b c = 1 6 × 1 8 × 2 0 = 2 × 8 × 3 × 6 × 4 × 5 = 7 8 ! , and so for a b c d to equal 8 ! we will require that d = 7 .