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N N is a positive integer with the property that if its last digit is taken and shifted to the first digit's place, the resulting number is 2 N 2N . Assuming that the leading digit of N N cannot be zero, what is the minimum value of N N .

Note :

  1. Take number 214 214 , taking the last digit and shifting to first digit's place would result in 412 412 .

  2. Even if 51 × 2 51 \times 2 were 105 105 , it would be an invalid answer as 51 51 should not be written as 051 051 .


The answer is 105263157894736842.

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1 solution

Marco Brezzi
Aug 10, 2017

N = 10 a + b N=10a+b where b b is a non-zero single digit positive integer and a a is an m m digits positive integer

If we shift b b to the first digit's place we get

2 N = 1 0 m b + a 2N=10^mb+a

Combining the two equations

1 0 m b + a = 20 a + 2 b 19 a = 1 0 m b 2 b 10^mb+a=20a+2b \iff 19a=10^mb-2b

a = b ( 1 0 m 2 ) 19 \Longrightarrow a=\dfrac{b(10^m-2)}{19}

Since a a is an integer, 19 19 must divide the numerator of the fraction. Since 1 b 9 1\leq b\leq9 , 19 19 must divide 1 0 m 2 10^m-2

The smallest m m such that 1 0 m 2 m o d 19 10^m\equiv 2\mod{19} is 17 17 , plugging in

a = b ( 1 0 17 2 ) 19 = 5263157894736842 b a=\dfrac{b(10^{17}-2)}{19}=5263157894736842b

Since a a is a 17 17 digits number, b b is at least 2 2 . b = 2 b=2 gives

a = 5263157894736842 2 = 10526315789473684 a=5263157894736842\cdot 2 =10526315789473684

This is a solution since

N = 105263157894736842 N=105263157894736842

2 N = 210526315789473684 2N=210526315789473684

So the smallest N N is

105263157894736842 \boxed{105263157894736842}

Presh Talwalkar?

Zach Abueg - 3 years, 10 months ago

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Yes, I usually watch his videos when he doesn't post viral trash problems. I did the problem this way before watching the video

Marco Brezzi - 3 years, 10 months ago

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Haha no worries, same here. That's definitely true - some of his content is so controversial and trash. I had known about these types of numbers before stumbling upon that video myself: the interesting parasitic numbers .

Zach Abueg - 3 years, 10 months ago

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