∫ 0 1 ∫ y 1 x sin ( x ) d x d y = a − cos ( b ) The equation above holds true for integers a and b . What is a b ?
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Conventionally, ∫ 0 x ∫ 0 1 x sin ( x ) d x d y would be iterated integrals, in which case it's not correct.
It is possible you actually mean it as a double integral (in the sense of being an actual integral over the two-dimensional R 2 ), but I've never personally seen one written like that. Usually something like this is more typical: ∬ 0 ≤ y ≤ x ≤ 1 x sin ( x ) d A (though the d A is sometimes written as d x d y )
I = ∫ 0 1 ∫ y 1 x sin x d x d y = ∫ 0 1 ( ∫ 0 1 x sin x d x − ∫ 0 y x sin x d x ) d y = ∫ 0 1 ( Si ( 1 ) − Si ( y ) ) d y = y Si ( 1 ) ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ 0 1 − y Si ( y ) ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ 0 1 + ∫ 0 1 x ⋅ x sin x d x = Si ( 1 ) − 0 − Si ( 1 ) + 0 − cos y ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ 0 1 = 1 − cos 1 Since sine integral Si ( z ) = ∫ 0 z t sin t d t Using integration by parts
Therefore, a b = 1 1 = 1 .
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Graph the region described in the iterated integral and recognize the equivalent region described by 0 ≤ y ≤ x , 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 . We use this to greatly simplify the problem ∫ 0 1 ∫ y 1 x sin ( x ) d x d y = = = = ∫ 0 x ∫ 0 1 x sin ( x ) d x d y ∫ 0 1 ∫ 0 x x sin ( x ) d y d x ∫ 0 1 sin ( x ) d x 1 − cos ( 1 ) . So we have a b = 1 1 = 1 .