Just a Simple Logarithm

Algebra Level 3

If ( log a b ) + ( log a b ) 2 + ( log a b ) 3 + . . . . . . . . = 2 (\log_{a} {b}) + (\log_{a} {b})^2 + (\log_{a} {b})^3 + . . . . . . . . = 2 , and n = a 2 3 n = a^{\frac{2}{3}} , then :

log a b + log b n = . . . . \log_{a} {b} + \log_{b} {n} = . . . .

2 3 7 3 \frac{7}{3} 8 3 \frac{8}{3} 5 3 \frac{5}{3}

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2 solutions

Jack Rawlin
Oct 12, 2015

log a b + ( log a b ) 2 + ( log a b ) 3 + . . . . . . . . = 2 \log_{a}{b} + (\log_{a}{b})^{2} + (\log_{a}{b})^{3} + ........ = 2 log a b + log b n = . . . . \log_{a}{b} + \log_{b}{n} = .... n = a 2 3 n = a^{\frac{2}{3}}

  1. First let x = log a b x = \log_{a}{b} , and change the equation accordingly

x + x 2 + x 3 + . . . . . . . . = 2 x + x^{2} + x^{3} + ........ = 2

  1. Next we solve for x x .

x 2 + x 3 + x 4 + . . . . . . . . = 2 x x^{2} + x^{3} + x^{4} + ........ = 2x 2 2 x = x 2 - 2x = x 2 = 3 x 2 = 3x x = 2 3 x = \frac{2}{3}

  1. We now know that log a b = 2 3 \log_{a}{b} = \frac{2}{3} , this also implies the following

n = a 2 3 = b n = a^{\frac{2}{3}} = b n = b n = b

  1. We then substitute both values into the final equation to get

2 3 + log b b \frac{2}{3} + \log_{b}{b} 2 3 + 1 \frac{2}{3} + 1 5 3 \boxed{\frac{5}{3}}

The equation :

l o g b a + ( l o g b a ) 2 + ( l o g b a ) 3 + . . . . . . . = 2 log_b^a + (log_b^a)^2 + (log_b^a)^3 + . . . . . . . = 2 is an geometric progression with l o g b a log_b^a as the first term and the ratio. Thus, we can input it to the geometric progression's sum formula :

2 = l o g b a 1 l o g b a 2 = \frac{log_b^a}{1-log_b^a}

2 ( l o g a a l o g b a ) = l o g b a 2(log_a^a - log_b^a) = log_b^a

2 l o g a b a = l o g b a 2 log_{\frac{a}{b}}^a = log_b^a

Thus,

a 2 b 2 = b \frac{a^2}{b^2} = b

a 2 = b 3 a^2 = b^3 => a = b 3 2 a = b^{\frac{3}{2}} or b = a 2 3 b = a^{\frac{2}{3}}

Then, l o g b a = 2 3 l o g a a = 2 3 log_b^a = \frac{2}{3} log_a^a\ = \frac{2}{3}

and l o g n b = l o g b b = 1 log_n^b = log_b^b = 1

l o g b a + l o g n b = 2 3 + 1 = 5 3 log_b^a + log_n^b = \frac{2}{3} + 1 = \boxed{\frac{5}{3}}

From 2 = log b a 1 log b a , 2 = \frac{\log_b a}{1 - \log_b a}, you should get log b a = 2 3 \log_b a = \frac{2}{3} , so a = b 2 3 a = b^{\frac{2}{3}} .

Jon Haussmann - 6 years ago

Why the ratio < 1 ??

Terza Reyhan - 5 years, 11 months ago

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Since we already know that the series converges ( Its value has already been given), it's implicit that the ratio is less than 1 \left| 1 \right|

Aditya Dhawan - 5 years, 1 month ago

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