x 5 = 1 0 2 4 What is the sum of all non real c o m p l e x roots of x ?
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x^5=1024 x^5-1024=0 (x-4)(x^4+4x^3+16x^2+64x+256)=0 as is observed the only real root of the equation is 4 hence all the complex roots are solutions of x^4+4x^3+16x^2+64x+256=0 further we know that the sum of roots of an equation of any degree is -b/a hence sum of complex roots is-4
Let z = 5 1 0 2 4 , implying z is a 5 t h root of unity
By the De Moivres Theorem, we have z n = ( r ( e i θ ) ) n = r n ( e n 2 k π i ) for k = 0 , 1 , 2 , … , n − 1
The 5 t h roots of unity are 4 e 5 2 k π i for k = 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 .
This gives the roots of unity 4 , 4 e 5 2 π i , 4 e 5 4 π i , 4 e 5 6 π i , 4 e 5 8 π i
Thus, the sum of all complex roots is
4 e 5 2 π i + 4 e 5 4 π i + 4 e 5 6 π i + 4 e 5 8 π i = = = = = = e 5 2 π i − 1 4 e 5 2 π i [ ( e 5 2 π i ) 4 − 1 ] e 5 2 π i − 1 4 e 5 2 π i ( e 5 8 π i ) − 4 e 5 2 π i e 5 2 π i − 1 4 e 2 π i − 4 e 5 2 π i e 5 2 π i − 1 4 ( 1 − e 5 2 π i ) e 5 2 π i − 1 − 4 ( e 5 2 π i − 1 ) − 4
As pointed out, an easier approach would be to use Vieta's for the sum of roots, and then subtract off the real root contribution.
I've reposted my comment as a solution.
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We can easily get the answer from the fact that sum of the n t h root of unity is always equals to 0 , when n > 1 .
As the real root is 4 , sum of the complex roots will be, 0 − 4 = − 4