Just a+b=?

Algebra Level 3

If x 4 + 2 x 3 + a x 2 + b x + 9 x^4+2x^3+ax^2+bx+9 is a perfect square polynomial, where a a and b b are real numbers, then what is the values of a + b ? a+b?

-11 2 It can't be a perfect square -13 9 8

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1 solution

Tom Engelsman
Mar 3, 2018

If the above polynomial is a perfect square, then it can be written as:

x 4 + 2 x 3 + a x 2 + b x + 9 = ( x 2 + α x + β ) 2 = x 4 + 2 α x 3 + ( 2 β + α 2 ) x 2 + 2 α β x + β 2 x^4 + 2x^3 + ax^2 + bx + 9 = (x^2 + \alpha x + \beta)^2 = x^4 + 2\alpha x^3 + (2\beta + \alpha^{2})x^2 + 2\alpha \beta x + \beta^{2} ;

which after matching coefficients, we obtain α = 1 , β = ± 3 \alpha = 1, \beta = \pm 3 . These values in turn will yield:

a = 2 ( 3 ) + 1 2 = 7 , b = 2 ( 3 ) ( 1 ) = 6 a + b = 13 ; a = 2(3) + 1^2 = 7, b = 2(3)(1) = 6 \Rightarrow a + b = 13;

a = 2 ( 3 ) + 1 2 = 5 , b = 2 ( 3 ) ( 1 ) = 6 a + b = 11 a = 2(-3) + 1^2 = -5, b = 2(-3)(1) = -6 \Rightarrow a + b = -11

of which the second choice makes the cut. Thus the polynomial in question is ( x 2 + x 3 ) 2 . (x^2 + x - 3)^2.

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