Just because it has a finite answer

Calculus Level 3

0 π 2 tan x d x = π m \int_0^\frac{\pi}{2} \sqrt{\tan{x}}\, dx=\frac{\pi}{\sqrt{m}}

Submit m m as your answer.


The answer is 2.

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1 solution

Chew-Seong Cheong
Jan 19, 2021

I = 0 π 2 tan x d x = 0 π 2 sin 1 2 x cos 1 2 x d x Beta function B ( m , n ) = 0 π 2 2 sin 2 m 1 x cos 2 n 1 x d x = 1 2 B ( 3 4 , 1 4 ) B ( m , n ) = Γ ( m ) Γ ( n ) Γ ( m + n ) , where Γ ( ) denotes the gamma function. = Γ ( 1 4 ) Γ ( 3 4 ) 2 Γ ( 1 ) Euler’s reflection formula: Γ ( z ) Γ ( 1 z ) = π sin ( π z ) = π 2 sin π 4 0 ! Note that Γ ( n ) = ( n 1 ) ! = π 2 \begin{aligned} I & = \int_0^\frac \pi 2 \sqrt{\tan x} \ dx \\ & = \int_0^\frac \pi 2 \sin^\frac 12 x \cos^{-\frac 12} x \ dx & \small \blue{\text{Beta function }B(m, n) = \int_0^\frac \pi 2 2\sin^{2m-1} x \cos^{2n-1}x \ dx} \\ & = \frac 12 B \left(\frac 34, \frac 14 \right) & \small \blue{B(m,n) = \frac {\Gamma(m)\Gamma(n)}{\Gamma(m+n)}\text{, where }\Gamma (\cdot) \text{ denotes the gamma function.}} \\ & = \frac \blue{\Gamma \left(\frac 14\right)\Gamma \left(\frac 34\right)}{2\red{\Gamma (1)}} & \small \blue{\text{Euler's reflection formula: } \Gamma(z)\Gamma(1-z)=\frac \pi{\sin (\pi z)}} \\ & = \frac \blue \pi{2\blue{\sin \frac \pi4} \cdot \red{0!}} & \small \red{\text{Note that }\Gamma(n) = (n-1)!} \\ & = \frac \pi{\sqrt 2} \end{aligned}

Therefore m = 2 m = \boxed 2 .


References :

@James Wilson , you need only to use \ [ ] (square brackets) instead of \ ( ) as above, and the formatting will be okay.

Chew-Seong Cheong - 4 months, 3 weeks ago

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Thanks. I will keep that in mind. I was wondering who was improving my formatting for me.

James Wilson - 4 months, 3 weeks ago

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Yes, I am a moderator. I can edit questions and solutions of other members.

Chew-Seong Cheong - 4 months, 3 weeks ago

Hello, Chew-Seong Cheong. I hope you are having a splendid time. I am looking for someone who is willing to help me add an animation to my problem [Colliding Spring System] {https://brilliant.org/problems/colliding-spring-system/?ref_id=1609511}. Someone had some trouble visualizing the scenario I described. If you know anyone who might be willing to help me, please let me know. I am willing to be taught how to do it. Cheers.

James Wilson - 4 months, 3 weeks ago

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