Just hanging around , Medium part2

If the time period of SHM of rectangular block can be represented as T = 2 π a m b k T=2\pi \sqrt{\frac{am}{bk}} . Find a 2 + b 2 {a^2+b^2}

Details

  • The pulley is smooth with mass m m , the strings are massless and inextensible.
  • The two springs are in phase.
  • The pulley system is in a uniform gravitational field.
  • Zig-zag lines in fig represents spring of spring constant k and 2k as shown.
  • a a is of the form c + d \sqrt c +d where c c is a square free integer. And b b is of the form e f e\sqrt f where f f is square free integer.
  • The pulley and the block oscillate in phase with the same frequency

  • Try its different variants - Easier and hardest


The answer is 13.82.

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1 solution

Paweł Poczobut
Apr 16, 2015

Let y 1 ( t ) y_1(t) and y 2 ( t ) y_2(t) be distances of pulley and mass respectively from their initial positions (wheh both springs are not deformed). We say that y 1 ( t ) y_1(t) (and y 2 ( t ) y_2(t) too) is greater then zero iff it is below its initial position. We can easily observe that the extension of spring k k is equal y 1 y_1 and for 2 k 2k it is y 2 y 1 y_2-y_1 . If we denote by N 1 N_1 tension in above string and N 2 N_2 is the second one, we get from second dynamics law: m g + N 2 2 N 1 = m y ¨ 1 , mg+N_2-2N_1=m\ddot{y}_1, m g N 2 = m y ¨ 2 . mg-N_2=m\ddot{y}_2. It is easy to notice, that due to assumed signs there is N 1 = 2 k y 1 N_1=2ky_1 and N 2 = 2 k ( y 2 y 1 ) N_2=2k(y_2-y_1) . So we have a system of differential equations. Observe that we don't need to solve it but only to find angular velocity ω \omega . The angular velocity doesn't depend on constant components, therefore we can consider the following system N 2 2 N 1 = m y ¨ 1 , N_2-2N_1=m\ddot{y}_1, N 2 = m y ¨ 2 -N_2=m\ddot{y}_2 and therefore 2 k ( y 2 y 1 ) 4 k x 1 = m y ¨ 1 , 2k(y_2-y_1)-4kx_1=m\ddot{y}_1, 2 k ( y 2 y 1 ) = m y ¨ 2 . -2k(y_2-y_1)=m\ddot{y}_2. In general the motion is a superposition of simple harmonic motions (normal modes) of both bodies. That's why we look for solutions of the form y 1 = A e i α t y_1=Ae^{i\alpha t} and y 2 = B e i α t y_2=Be^{i\alpha t} (to be honest we are not sure that such a motion exists but we can try it and indeed there will be a general solution). Moreover we substitute ω 2 = k m \omega^2=\frac{k}{m} and we have 2 ω 2 ( B A ) 4 ω 2 A = α 2 A , 2\omega^2(B-A)-4\omega^2A=-\alpha^2 A, 2 ω 2 ( B A ) = α 2 B . -2\omega^2(B-A)=-\alpha^2B. After writing it in a matrix form and computing the determinant of 2 × 2 2\times2 matrix which must be zero (for nonzero A,B) we have α 4 8 α 2 ω 2 + 8 ω 4 = 0 \alpha^4-8\alpha^2\omega^2+8\omega^4=0 so α 2 = ( 4 ± 2 2 ) ω 2 . \alpha^2=(4\pm2\sqrt{2})\omega^2. We observe that the motion is a linear superposition of e i α e^{i\alpha} for all α \alpha but since we have SHO, there is only one α 2 \alpha^2 allowed. Now it easy to conclude (due to additional conditions) that there must be α = ω 4 2 2 \alpha=\omega\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{2}} what (with α = 2 π 1 T \alpha=2\pi\frac{1}{T} ) lead us to T = 2 π 1 + 2 2 2 m k T=2\pi\sqrt{\frac{1+\sqrt{2}}{2\sqrt{2}}\frac{m}{k}} and for a = 1 + 2 a=1+\sqrt{2} , b = 2 2 b=2\sqrt{2} we get a 2 + b 2 = 11 + 2 2 a^2+b^2=11+2\sqrt{2} which is a solution.

Exactly!!thank god u solved this in between so many reports and all of them say it is not specified that a b \frac{a}{b} is in simplest form

Gautam Sharma - 6 years, 1 month ago

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Hey... Please specifically mention that the sqrt(2) term needs to be cancelled from a and b.... I got a = 2 + sqrt(2) and b = 4... And the answer obviously doesn't match!!

Adwait Godbole - 5 years, 9 months ago

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Please read the question again.It is specified that is of form c + d \sqrt c +d

Gautam Sharma - 5 years, 9 months ago

Can u please post a easy solution

Gauri shankar Mishra - 5 years, 3 months ago

Sir,

I think the extension of spring k k is equal 2 y 1 2y_1 .

Вук Радовић - 6 years, 1 month ago

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Yup, that's why N 1 = k ( 2 y 1 ) = 2 k y 1 |N_1|=k\cdot(2y_1)=2ky_1 ...

Paweł Poczobut - 6 years, 1 month ago

How could you tell that α = ω 4 2 2 \alpha = \omega \sqrt{4-2\sqrt{2}} is the required root here? Which additional conditions imply this? Thanks. :)

Danish Mohammed - 6 years, 1 month ago

Here, we assume that both, the block and the pulley oscillate in the same phase i.e. Y1=A exp(iαt) and Y2=B exp(iαt). Y2 can be equal to B*exp(i(αt+Φ)). Please explain how this assumption is valid.

Yash Karnik - 6 years, 1 month ago

Good explanation.

Niranjan Khanderia - 5 years, 11 months ago

Why is it necessary for the pulley and the block to oscillate with same frequency???

Sumanth R Hegde - 4 years, 5 months ago

If displacement of pulley is y then extension in spring k must be 2y

Kundan Kunjan - 3 weeks, 2 days ago

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