Just the sides given, can you find the angle?

Geometry Level 4

In A B C , \triangle ABC, if

a 4 + b 4 + c 4 = 2 c 2 ( a 2 + b 2 ) , a^4 + b^4 + c^4 = 2c^2\big(a^2 +b^2\big),

then the possible measure(s) of C \angle C could be __________ . \text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_}.


Details and Assumptions:

  • a , b , c a,b,c are the sides of A B C \triangle ABC opposite to A , B , C \angle A , \angle B, \angle C respectively.

  • C \angle C is measured in radians .

π 6 \frac \pi6 π 6 , 5 π 6 \frac \pi6, \frac {5\pi }6 π 4 \frac \pi4 π 4 , 3 π 4 \frac \pi4, \frac {3\pi }4 π 4 , 5 π 6 \frac \pi4, \frac {5\pi }6 π 4 , π 6 , π 3 \frac \pi4, \frac \pi 6, \frac \pi 3 π 3 , 2 π 3 \frac \pi3, \frac {2\pi }3 π 3 , 3 π 4 \frac \pi3, \frac {3\pi }4

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2 solutions

Yee Yang Tan
Jul 4, 2015

I use the cosine rule I think solve like this is easier.

I did the same, although I complicated a bit more by isloating C with bhaskara...

Gabriel Williams - 5 years, 10 months ago

We can use Heron's formula expressed in another way, to find the area of A B C \triangle ABC :

4 [ A B C ] = ( a 2 + b 2 + c 2 ) 2 2 ( a 4 + b 4 + c 4 ) 4[ABC]=\sqrt{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2-2(a^4+b^4+c^4)}

Now, we substitute the expression we are given:

4 [ A B C ] = ( a 2 + b 2 + c 2 ) 2 4 c 2 ( a 2 + b 2 ) 4[ABC]=\sqrt{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2-4c^2(a^2+b^2)}

Try to simplify it:

4 [ A B C ] = a 4 + b 4 + c 4 + 2 a 2 b 2 + 2 a 2 c 2 + 2 b 2 c 2 4 a 2 c 2 4 b 2 c 2 4 [ A B C ] = a 4 + b 4 + c 4 + 2 a 2 b 2 2 a 2 c 2 2 b 2 c 2 4 [ A B C ] = ( a 2 + b 2 c 2 ) 2 4 [ A B C ] = a 2 + b 2 c 2 4[ABC]=\sqrt{a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2+2a^2c^2+2b^2c^2-4a^2c^2-4b^2c^2} \\ 4[ABC]=\sqrt{a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2-2a^2c^2-2b^2c^2} \\ 4[ABC]=\sqrt{(a^2+b^2-c^2)^2} \\ 4[ABC]=|a^2+b^2-c^2|

Now, by law of sines, we now that [ A B C ] = a b sin C 2 [ABC]=\dfrac{ab\sin \angle C}{2} , so sin C = 2 [ A B C ] a b \sin \angle C=\dfrac{2[ABC]}{ab} , and substituting the area:

sin C = a 2 + b 2 c 2 2 a b \sin \angle C=\dfrac{|a^2+b^2-c^2|}{2ab}

By law of cosines, we know that cos C = a 2 + b 2 c 2 2 a b \cos \angle C=\dfrac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2ab} , and since a a and b b are positive, we can conclude that:

sin C = cos C \sin \angle C=|\cos \angle C|

All we have to do is solve that equation:

sin 2 C = cos 2 C tan 2 C = 1 tan C = ± 1 C = π 4 or C = 3 π 4 \sin^2 \angle C=\cos^2 \angle C \\ \tan^2 \angle C=1 \\ \tan \angle C=\pm 1 \\ \angle C=\dfrac{\pi}{4} \text{ or } \angle C=\dfrac{3\pi}{4}

We see that both of these solutions work, so those are the possible values.

Thanks for the solution!! Cheers!!

Vishwak Srinivasan - 5 years, 11 months ago

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Thanks, and nice problem.

Alan Enrique Ontiveros Salazar - 5 years, 11 months ago

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