Kind of Problem we do in Engg.

Calculus Level 3

0 2 x ( 8 x 3 ) 1 3 d x = a π b c \large \int_0^2 x(8 - x^3)^{\frac 13} dx = \frac {a\pi}{b\sqrt c}

The equation above holds true for positive integers a a , b b , and c c , where a a and b b are coprime and c c is square-free.

Find a + b + c a + b+ c .


The answer is 28.

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1 solution

I = 0 2 x ( 8 x 3 ) 1 3 d x = 0 2 2 x 1 x 3 8 3 d x Let u = x 2 2 d u = d x = 0 1 8 u 1 u 3 3 d u Let t = u 3 d t = 3 u 2 d u = 8 3 0 1 t 1 3 ( 1 t ) 1 3 d t Beta function B ( m , n ) = 0 1 t m 1 ( 1 t ) n 1 d t = 8 3 B ( 2 3 , 4 3 ) B ( m , n ) = Γ ( m ) Γ ( n ) Γ ( m + n ) = 8 Γ ( 2 3 ) Γ ( 4 3 ) 3 Γ ( 2 ) where Γ ( ) denotes the gamma function. = 8 3 Γ ( 2 3 ) Γ ( 4 3 ) Since Γ ( n ) = ( n 1 ) ! Γ ( 2 ) = 1 ! = 1 = 8 3 Γ ( 2 3 ) 1 3 Γ ( 1 3 ) and Γ ( 1 + s ) = s Γ ( s ) = 8 9 Γ ( 1 3 ) Γ ( 2 3 ) also Γ ( s ) Γ ( 1 s ) = π sin ( x π ) = 8 9 π sin π 3 = 16 π 9 3 \begin{aligned} I & = \int_0^2 x(8-x^3)^\frac 13 dx \\ & = \int_0^2 2x \sqrt[3]{1-\frac {x^3}8} dx & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{Let }u = \frac x2 \implies 2 du = dx \\ & = \int_0^1 8u \sqrt[3]{1-u^3} du & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{Let }t = u^3 \implies dt = 3u^2 du \\ & = \frac 83 \color{#3D99F6} \int_0^1 t^{-\frac 13} (1-t)^\frac 13 dt & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{Beta function }B(m,n) = \int_0^1 t^{m-1}(1-t)^{n-1} dt \\ & = \frac 83 \color{#3D99F6} B \left(\frac 23, \frac 43\right) & \small \color{#3D99F6} B(m,n) = \frac {\Gamma (m)\Gamma (n)}{\Gamma (m+n)} \\ & = \frac {8\color{#3D99F6} \Gamma \left(\frac 23\right) \Gamma \left(\frac 43\right)}{3\color{#D61F06} \Gamma (2)} & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{where }\Gamma (\cdot) \text{ denotes the gamma function.} \\ & = \frac 83 \Gamma \left(\frac 23\right) \color{#3D99F6} \Gamma \left(\frac 43\right) & \small \color{#D61F06} \text{Since } \Gamma(n) = (n-1)! \implies \Gamma(2) = 1! = 1 \\ & = \frac 83 \Gamma \left(\frac 23\right) \cdot \color{#3D99F6} \frac 13 \Gamma \left(\frac 13\right) & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{and }\Gamma(1+s) = s\Gamma (s) \\ & = \frac 89 \color{#3D99F6} \Gamma \left(\frac 13\right) \Gamma \left(\frac 23\right) & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{also }\Gamma (s) \Gamma(1-s) = \frac \pi{\sin (x\pi)} \\ & = \frac 89 \cdot \frac \pi {\sin \frac \pi 3} = \frac {16 \pi}{9\sqrt 3} \end{aligned}

Therefore, a + b + c = 16 + 9 + 3 = 28 a+b+c = 16 + 9 + 3 = \boxed{28} .


References:

Beautiful!

Chiang Jun Siang - 2 years, 4 months ago

@Chew Seong Cheong Sir, will you please try this problem and check my solution. I think I just posted a totally messed up solution.

A Former Brilliant Member - 2 years, 4 months ago

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I think the limit does not exist. What is your solution?

Chew-Seong Cheong - 2 years, 4 months ago

The answer that was given was 6. You can check my solution, I am sure about my solution though.

A Former Brilliant Member - 2 years, 4 months ago

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I have added a comment there.

Chew-Seong Cheong - 2 years, 4 months ago

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