Konverge II

Calculus Level 4

n = 2 x 2 n n ( ln n ) 2 \large \sum_{n=2}^{\infty} \dfrac{x^{2n}}{n ( \ln n )^2 }

Find the interval of convergence of the infinite sum above.

x ( 1 , 1 ] x \in (-1, 1] x [ 1 , 1 ) x \in [-1, 1) x ( 1 , 1 ) x \in (-1, 1) x [ 1 , 1 ] x \in [-1, 1]

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2 solutions

First we see that x \lvert x \rvert must be 1 \leq 1 . Otherwise The nth term tends to \infty as n n\to\infty which implies divergence .

So first we check for x = 1 x=1 which would also be the same as checking for x = 1 x=-1 as the power of x is even .

So for x = 1 x=1 the series becomes :-

n = 2 1 n ( l n ( n ) ) 2 \large\sum_{n=2}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n(ln(n))^{2}} .

Now we apply Cauchy Condensation Test .

As the n t h nth terms form a decreasing sequence we can apply Cauchy Condensation Test

So the series shares it's fate with(converges or diverges with)

n = 2 2 n 2 n ( l n ( 2 n ) ) 2 \large\sum_{n=2}^{\infty} \frac{2^n}{2^{n}(ln(2^{n}))^{2}}

= n = 2 1 n 2 ( l n ( 2 ) ) 2 =\large\sum_{n=2}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n^{2}(ln(2))^{2}}

which is convergent(we can also find a closed form of this)

So series is convergent for x = 1 x=1 and x = 1 x=-1 .

Now let x ( 1 , 1 ) x \in (-1,1) .

So the series becomes

n = 2 x 2 n n ( l n ( n ) ) 2 n = 2 1 n ( l n ( n ) ) 2 \large\sum_{n=2}^{\infty} \frac{x^{2n}}{n(ln(n))^{2}} \leq \sum_{n=2}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n(ln(n))^{2}}

Now as R H S RHS converges.......we have by Direct Comparison Test . L H S LHS is also convergent.

So the series converges for any x [ 1 , 1 ] x \in [-1,1]

Hint: use the Ratio test, with the limit L < 1 L < 1 . Remember to check the extremities (Integral Test).

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