A person tries to open a locker which is encrypted with a 3-digit code (digits 0-9). Find the probability that it will open in the th trial.
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The locker opens in kth trial.Hence we should have (k-1) unsuccessful attempts and exactly at the kth attempt it should be successful. P(failing (k-1) times continuously)=(1- 1 0 0 0 1 )x(1- 9 9 9 1 )x(1- 9 9 8 1 )x(1- 9 9 7 1 )x....(1- 1 0 0 0 − ( k − 1 ) + 1 1 )(As each time we use a particular combination, we discard it.) = 1 0 0 0 9 9 9 x 9 9 9 9 9 8 x 9 9 8 9 9 7 x 9 9 7 9 9 6 ...... 1 0 0 0 − ( k − 1 ) + 1 1 0 0 0 − ( k − 1 ) then successful at the next attempt, P(successful at kth time)= 1 0 0 0 − ( k − 1 ) 1 Since both these events occur simultaneously, by multiplication theorem,
P(k)= 1 0 0 0 9 9 9 x 9 9 9 9 9 8 x 9 9 8 9 9 7 x 9 9 7 9 9 6 ...... 1 0 0 0 − ( k − 1 ) + 1 1 0 0 0 − ( k − 1 ) x 1 0 0 0 − ( k − 1 ) 1 = 1 0 0 0 1