Suppose a number N be represented as N = 5a + 4b, where a and b are non-negative integers. What is the largest number that cannot be represented in this form?
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One solution to the equation is 5 ( N ) + 4 ( − N ) = N . The problem is that the coefficients are not non-negative. So, the General solution is considered. Solutions, in General, are pairs ( a , b ) = ( N + 4 t , N − 5 t ) . We Need the following
N + 4 t ≥ 0 ⟹ t ≥ − 4 N
− N − 5 t ≥ 0 ⟹ t ≤ − 5 N
so
− 4 N ≤ t ≤ − 5 N ∗
if we find the Minimum N (call it N ∗ ), for which the difference − 5 N + 4 N = 2 0 N is greater than 1 , then there surely exists an integer t that satisfies (*). for all N ≥ N ∗ greater . So, for N > 2 0 , we can surely write 5 a + 4 b = N , for non-negative a , b . We just Need to come down from 1 9 and check whether the number is expressible as 5 a + 4 b or not. the first number that does not have the property is 1 1 .
Cheers.
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