Last two digits here, is impractical part 1.

Find last two digits of 1 1 1 1 1 1 . . . 11^{11^{11^{^{ .^ {.^ .}}}}} .


The answer is 11.

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3 solutions

Nikola Alfredi
Mar 12, 2020

SOLUTION:

If you observe then, you will find that as 1 1 2 \displaystyle 11^2 ends with 21 21 , 1 1 9 \ \ \displaystyle 11^9 will end with 91 91 .

Thus 1 1 10 1 ( m o d 100 ) 1 1 11 11 ( m o d 100 ) \displaystyle 11^{10} \equiv 1 \pmod {100} \longrightarrow 11^{11} \equiv 11 \pmod {100} .

Hence 1 1 1 1 1 1 . . . m o d 100 \displaystyle 11^{11^{11^{^{ .^ {.^ .}}}}} \bmod {100} \ \ \ \ would reduce to 1 1 11 m o d 100 \ \ \ \ \displaystyle 11^{11} \bmod {100} .

Thus 1 1 1 1 1 1 . . . 11 ( m o d 100 ) \displaystyle 11^{11^{11^{^{ .^ {.^ .}}}}} \equiv 11 \pmod {100} .

Let n = 1 1 1 1 1 1 n = 11^{11^{11^{\cdot^{\cdot^\cdot}}}} . Then

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 n (mod 100) = ( 10 + 1 ) n (mod 100) = ( 1 0 n + 1 0 n 1 + + 100 n ( n 1 ) 2 + 10 n + 1 ) (mod 100) = ( 0 + 0 + + 0 + 10 n + 1 ) (mod 100) Note that n ends with 1. = 10 + 1 11 (mod 100) \begin{aligned} 11^{11^{11^{\cdot^{\cdot^\cdot}}}} & \equiv 11^n \text{ (mod 100)} \\ & = (10+1)^n \text{ (mod 100)} \\ & = \left(10^n + 10^{n-1}+ \cdots + \frac {100n(n-1)}2 + 10n + 1 \right) \text{ (mod 100)} \\ & = \left(0 + 0+ \cdots + 0 + 10\blue n + 1 \right) \text{ (mod 100)} & \small \blue{\text{Note that }n \text{ ends with 1.}} \\ & = 10 + 1 \equiv \boxed {11} \text{ (mod 100)} \end{aligned}

@Nikola Alfredi , The \infty at the end is unnecessary. Just end with three dots will do, as in all international math literature (you can check Wikipedia and Wolfram). Ending with \infty could mean that it tends to infinity. \displaystyle and \mathit are not needed in this case. Numbers and function or operator names are meant to be in regular (non-italic), while variables and constants are in italic.

Chew-Seong Cheong - 1 year, 3 months ago

Ok. I'll keep it mind.

Nikola Alfredi - 1 year, 3 months ago
Nick Kent
Mar 5, 2020

Let x = 11 11 . . . m o d 100 x = {11}^{{11}^{...}} \mod 100 . Then since 100 and 11 are relative primes 11 100 = 1 m o d 100 {11}^{100} = 1 \mod 100 . That means x = 11 x m o d 100 x = {11}^{x} \mod 100 . The obvious and only value for x is 11 \boxed{11}

As mod is an function or operator a backslash is necessary. You can use either \mod 1 1 11 m o d 100 11^{11} \mod 100 or \bmod 1 1 11 m o d 100 11^{11} \bmod 100 . Note that mod is not in italic.

Chew-Seong Cheong - 1 year, 3 months ago

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thanks, still got ways to go with latex)

Nick Kent - 1 year, 3 months ago

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You are welcome. It took me some time too.

Chew-Seong Cheong - 1 year, 3 months ago

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