Least Expensive!

Calculus Level 3

A tank with rectangular base and rectangular sides, open at the top is to be constructed so that its depth is 2 m 2\text{ m} and volume is 8 m 3 . 8 \text{ m}^3. If the building of the tank costs $ 70 \$ 70 per square meter for the base and $ 45 \$45 per square meter for the sides.

What is the cost of the least expensive tank?

  • Submit your answer in $ . \$.


The answer is 1000.

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1 solution

Let the length and breadth of the tank be x x and y y meters respectively. It is given that the volume of the tank is 8 m 3 8m^3 and height is 2 m . 2m.

2 x y = 8 x y = 4 y = 4 x Let C be the cost of the tank. Then C = 70 x y + 45 ( 2 × 2 y + 2 × 2 x ) = 70 x y + 180 y + 180 x C = 280 + 720 x + 180 x By differentiating with respect to x d C d x = 720 x 2 + 180 And d 2 C d x 2 = 1440 x 3 To find critical point, d C d x = 0 180 720 x 2 = 0 x = 2. Since, ( d 2 C d x 2 ) x = 2 > 0. C is minimum at x = 2. By putting x = 2 in the equation C, We get C = 280 + 720 2 + 180 × ( 2 ) = 280 + 360 + 360 = 1000 . \large \displaystyle \therefore 2xy = 8 \implies xy= 4 \implies y = \frac{4}{x}\\ \text{Let C be the cost of the tank. Then }\\ \large \displaystyle C = 70xy + 45(2 \times 2y + 2 \times 2x) = 70xy + 180y + 180x\\ \large \displaystyle \implies C = 280 + \frac{720}{x} + 180x\\ \text{By differentiating with respect to x }\\ \large \displaystyle \implies \frac{dC}{dx} = -\frac{720}{x^2} + 180 \text{And } \frac{d^2C}{dx^2} = \frac{1440}{x^3}\\ \text{To find critical point, }\\ \large \displaystyle \therefore \frac{dC}{dx} = 0 \implies 180 - \frac{720}{x^2} = 0 \implies x = 2.\\ \large \displaystyle \text{Since, } \left(\frac{d^2C}{dx^2} \right)_{x=2} >0. \text{C is minimum at } x = 2.\\ \large \displaystyle \text{By putting } x= 2 \text{in the equation C, We get } C = 280 + \frac{720}{2} + 180 \times (2)\\ \large \displaystyle = 280 + 360 + 360 = \color{#D61F06}{\boxed{1000}}.

The minimum cost for construction of tank is $ 1000 . \large \displaystyle \therefore \text{The minimum cost for construction of tank is } \color{#20A900}{\boxed{\$1000}}.

Nice solution. Thanks :)

However, using the "normal font" rather than "large font" to the solution will make it better. And the text should be written outside the latex brackets.

Sandeep Bhardwaj - 5 years, 1 month ago

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I like the solution to be in this way.

Samara Simha Reddy - 5 years, 1 month ago

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