Let's play with resistance

Two identical metal electrodes of spherical shape, and radius r r have been put in an infinite medium of cunductivity σ \sigma . They are placed on a distance much bigger than their radius are. Show that cunductivity can be expressed as G = Λ σ r G=\Lambda \sigma r where Λ \Lambda is non dimensial constant that you should calculate.

Answer Λ \Lambda up to 2 decimals.

Hint: conductivity is given by formula G = I Δ ϕ G=\frac{I}{-\Delta \phi} , where I I is the net current, and Δ ϕ -\Delta\phi is negative potential difference beetwen them.


The answer is 6.28.

This section requires Javascript.
You are seeing this because something didn't load right. We suggest you, (a) try refreshing the page, (b) enabling javascript if it is disabled on your browser and, finally, (c) loading the non-javascript version of this page . We're sorry about the hassle.

1 solution

So, you can make any system of flowing charge from one to another and conductivity will be alway the same. The only thing you should care is that your simulation will allow you to calculate G G without unknown terms.

Okey then, lets give q q to one and q -q to another sphere. Because they are placed on a much bigger distance compared to their radius their potential will be

ϕ 1 = 1 4 π ϵ 0 q r \phi_1=\frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \frac{q}{r}

ϕ 2 = 1 4 π ϵ 0 q r \phi_2=\frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \frac{q}{r}

And then voltage is

U = 1 2 π ϵ 0 q r U=\frac{1}{2\pi\epsilon_0} \frac{q}{r} .

The electric field on the surface of the sphere is given by formula

E = 1 4 π ϵ 0 q r 2 E=\frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \frac{q}{r^2}

Using Ohm's law one can easy get that

J = σ E J=\sigma E

You should notice that all charge left one sphere will end up on the other so the net current is I = J ( r ) 4 π r 2 I=J(r) 4\pi r^2 .

and now using give formula you will find that:

G = 2 π σ r G=2\pi\sigma r

Correction:

Actually the only one small part of charge won't get to second sphere (red field line) that one goes to infinity but it's very small compared to net charge so we don't think about it.

Same problem and solution at https://brilliant.org/problems/salty-water-resistance-slaughter-the-fishes

jafar badour - 5 years, 8 months ago

0 pending reports

×

Problem Loading...

Note Loading...

Set Loading...