x → ∞ lim ( x 2 + 2 x + 3 − x 2 + 3 ) x = ?
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Substituting x by h 1 we reduce the given expression as
( h 1 + 2 h + 3 h 2 − 1 + 3 h 2 ) h 1 ≈ ( 1 − 2 h ) h 1
As x approaches ∞ , h approaches 0 . Hence the required limit is e h → 0 lim h ln ( 1 − 2 h ) = e − 2 1 = e 1 .
Your ≈ is doing a lot of work there. Could you justify that approximation?
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Using binomial expansion of the square roots, retaining terms upto the order of two and simplifying I got the result.
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L = x → ∞ lim ( x 2 + 2 x + 3 − x 2 + 3 ) x = x → ∞ lim exp ( ln ( x 2 + 2 x + 3 − x 2 + 3 ) x ) = exp ( x → ∞ lim x ln ( x 2 + 2 x + 3 − x 2 + 3 ) ) = exp ⎝ ⎛ x → ∞ lim x 1 ln ( x 2 + 2 x + 3 + x 2 + 3 2 x ) ⎠ ⎞ A 0/0 case, L’H o ˆ pital’s rule applies. = exp ⎝ ⎛ x → ∞ lim 2 x x 2 + 2 x + 3 + x 2 + 3 ⎝ ⎛ ( x 2 + 2 x + 3 + x 2 + 3 ) 2 2 x 2 + 2 x + 3 + 2 x 2 + 3 − 2 x ( x 2 + 2 x + 3 x + 1 + x 2 + 3 x ) ⎠ ⎞ ( − x 2 ) ⎠ ⎞ = exp ( x → ∞ lim − 2 1 ( x 2 + 2 x + 3 + x 2 + 3 − x 2 + 2 x + 3 x 2 + x − x 2 + 3 x 2 ) ) = exp ( x → ∞ lim − 2 1 ( ( x 2 + 2 x + 3 ) ( x 2 + 3 ) ( x + 3 ) x 2 + 3 + 3 x 2 + 2 x + 3 ) ) = exp ⎝ ⎛ x → ∞ lim − 2 1 ⎝ ⎛ ( 1 + x 2 + x 2 3 ) ( 1 + x 2 3 ) ( 1 + x 3 ) 1 + x 2 3 + x 2 3 x 2 + 2 x + 3 ⎠ ⎞ ⎠ ⎞ = e − 2 1 = e 1
Reference: L'Hôpital's rule