Limit Integral

Calculus Level 4

Evaluate lim h 0 1 h 3 h 3 + h 4 x 2 x 2 + 1 d x . \displaystyle \lim_{h \to 0} \frac{1}{h} \int_{3-h}^{3+h} \frac{4x-2}{x^2+1}\ dx.

4 4 1 1 2 2 3 3

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1 solution

Josh Banister
Mar 7, 2016

Let f ( x ) = 4 x 2 x 2 + 1 f(x) = \frac{4x-2}{x^2+1} and let F ( x ) F(x) be a anti-derivative of f ( x ) f(x) such that F ( x ) = f ( x ) F'(x) = f(x)

By The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, we have lim h 0 1 h 3 h 3 + h 4 x 2 x 2 + 1 d x = lim h 0 3 h 3 + h f ( x ) d x = lim h 0 F ( 3 + h ) F ( 3 h ) h = lim h 0 F ( 3 + h ) F ( 3 ) h + lim i 0 F ( 3 + i ) F ( 3 ) i where i = h = F ( 3 ) + F ( 3 ) = f ( 3 ) + f ( 3 ) = 2 × 4 × 3 2 3 2 + 1 = 2 \begin{aligned} \lim_{h \to 0} \frac{1}{h} \int_{3-h}^{3+h} \frac{4x-2}{x^2+1} dx &= \lim_{h \to 0} \int_{3-h}^{3+h} f(x) dx \\ &= \lim_{h \to 0} \frac{F(3+h) - F(3-h)}{h} \\ &= \lim_{h \to 0} \frac{F(3+h) - F(3)}{h} + \lim_{i \to 0} \frac{F(3+i)-F(3)}{i} \text{ where } i = -h \\ &= F'(3) + F'(3) \\ &= f(3) + f(3) \\ &= 2 \times \frac{4 \times 3 - 2}{3^2 + 1} \\ &= 2 \ \end{aligned}

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