If f ( x ) is a continuous function defined on the domain x > − 2 1 that satisfies ( e x − 1 ) f ( x ) = ln ( 1 + 2 x ) , what is f ( 0 ) ?
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f ( x ) = x → 0 lim e x − 1 ln ( 1 + 2 x ) Now either use l'Hôpital's rule as explained in other posts, or expand the numerator and denominator functions as Taylor series: e x = 1 + x + 2 x 2 + … ln ( 1 + 2 x ) = 2 x − 2 x 2 + … As we're interested in the limit as x → 0 , we can drop all but the leading-order terms, hence f ( x ) = x → 0 lim x 2 x = 2
Substitute 0.000001 as the value of x instead of 0 so that the answer won't be indeterminate..
We are given that f ( x ) is continuous therefore x → c lim f ( x ) = f ( c ) for some c . Now rearranging the expression to f ( x ) = e x − 1 lo g ( 2 x + 1 ) We can see that plugging x = 0 will not work however taking a limit is a perfectly acceptable way to define the function (as it is continuous) therefore we have a limit problem.
f ( 0 ) = x → 0 lim f ( x ) = = L’H = = x → 0 lim e x − 1 lo g ( 2 x + 1 ) x → 0 lim d x d e x − 1 d x d lo g ( 2 x + 1 ) x → 0 lim e x 2 / ( 2 x + 1 ) e 0 2 / ( 2 ⋅ 0 + 1 ) = 2
We are allowed to use L'Hospitals rule as we have an indeterminate form 0 0 .
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Same solution as @Ali Caglayan
If ( e x − 1 ) f ( x ) = ln ( 1 + 2 x ) then f ( x ) = e x − 1 ln ( 1 + 2 x )
If x = 0 then f ( x ) = e 0 − 1 ln ( 1 + 2 × 0 ) = 1 − 1 ln ( 1 + 0 ) = 0 ln ( 1 ) = 0 0 so that wouldn't work
However since f ( x ) is continuous and he answer is the indeterminate form of 0 0 so we use L’H o ^ pitals rule
f ( 0 ) = x → 0 lim f ( x ) = x → 0 lim e x − 1 ln ( 1 + 2 x ) = x → 0 lim d x d e x − 1 d x d ln ( 2 x + 1 ) = x → 0 lim e x 2 x + 1 2
Now we plug in 0 so the limit's answer is e 0 2 × 0 + 1 2 = 1 0 + 1 2 = 2