Limit with Floor Function II

Calculus Level 1

lim x x 2 x = ? \large \lim_{x\to \infty}\dfrac{\lfloor \sqrt x \rfloor^2}{x} = \ ?

Note: Type -1000 as an answer if you think this limit does not exist.


The answer is 1.

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3 solutions

Micah Wood
Nov 29, 2014

Let x = x + a \sqrt{x} = \lfloor \sqrt{x}\rfloor +a , where 0 a < 1 0\leq a<1 , we have lim x x 2 x = lim x ( x a ) 2 x = lim x x 2 a x + a 2 x = lim x x x 2 a x + a 2 x = lim x 1 2 a x + a 2 x = 1 0 = 1 \begin{array}{c}~ \large \lim_{x\to \infty}\dfrac{\lfloor \sqrt x \rfloor^2}{x} &= \lim_{x\to \infty}\dfrac{(\sqrt{x}-a)^2}{x}\\~\\&= \lim_{x\to \infty}\dfrac{x-2a\sqrt{x}+a^2}{x}\\~\\&=\lim_{x\to \infty}\dfrac{x}{x}-\dfrac{2a\sqrt{x}+a^2}{x}\\~\\&=\lim_{x\to \infty} 1-\dfrac{2a\sqrt{x}+a^2}{x}\\~\\&= 1-0\\~\\&=\boxed{1} \end{array}

Moderator note:

There's a simpler approach. Hint: ( x ) 2 = x \left(\sqrt{x} \right)^2=x . Is this limit bounded above or bounded below by 1?

I'm not sure but I think we can remove the floor function when x tends to infinity as the floor of infinity is infinity itself.

Arian Tashakkor - 6 years ago

Let x = u \sqrt{x} = u and we know u = u r ( u ) \lfloor u \rfloor = u - r(u) , where r ( u ) [ 0 , 1 ) r(u) \in [0, 1) . Then

lim x x 2 x = lim u ( u u ) 2 = lim u ( 1 r ( u ) u ) 2 = 1 , \large \lim_{x\to \infty} \frac{ \lfloor \sqrt{x} \rfloor^2 }{x} = \large \lim_{u\to \infty} \left ( \frac{ \lfloor u \rfloor }{u} \right)^2 = \large \lim_{u\to \infty} \left( 1 - \frac{r(u)}{u} \right)^2 = 1,

since r ( u ) / u 0 r(u)/u \rightarrow 0 .

Don Weingarten
Feb 3, 2019

I did this very simply; hope I haven't overlooked anything. I simply observed that the square root of x, squared, equals x. Therefore the value will be 1 for any x.

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