Let y be an implicit function of x defined by x 2 x − 2 x x cot y − 1 = 0 . Find y ′ ( 1 ) .
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x 2 x − 2 x x cot y − 1 = 0 ( x x ) 2 − 2 ( x x ) ( cot y ) + cot 2 y − 1 − cot 2 y = 0 ( x x − cot y ) 2 = 1 + cot 2 y x x − cot y = csc y x x = cot y + csc y x x ( 1 + ln x ) = − csc 2 y × y ′ − csc y cot y × y ′ x x ( 1 + ln x ) = − csc y ( csc y + cot y ) y ′ y ′ = − x x csc y x x ( 1 + ln x ) y ′ ( 1 ) = − csc ( y ( 1 ) ) 1 1 ( 1 + ln 1 ) ⟹ − sin ( y ( 1 ) ) From our Original Equation , 1 2 − 2 × 1 1 cot y ( 1 ) − 1 = 0 ⟹ y ( 1 ) = 2 π y ′ ( 1 ) = − sin ( y ( 1 ) ) ⟹ − 1
− cot y = 2 x x 1 − x 2 x
− tan y = 1 − x 2 x 2 x x
y = − tan − 1 ( 1 − x 2 x 2 x x )
y = − 2 tan − 1 ( x x )
d x d y = − ( 1 + x 2 x ) 2 x x ( ln x + 1 )
( d x d y ) x = 1 = − 1
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x 2 x − 2 x x cot y − 1 2 ( ln x + 1 ) x 2 x − 2 ( ln x + 1 ) x x cot y + 2 x x csc 2 y d x d y 2 ( ln 1 + 1 ) − 2 ( ln 1 + 1 ) cot y ( 1 ) + 2 csc 2 y ( 1 ) d x d y ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ x = 1 2 + 2 d x d y ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ x = 1 ⟹ d x d y ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ x = 1 = 0 = 0 = 0 = 0 = − 1 Differentiate both sides w.r.t. x See note: cot y ( 1 ) = 0 , csc y ( 1 ) = 1
Note:
x 2 x − 2 x x cot y − 1 1 2 − 2 ( 1 1 ) cot y ( 1 ) − 1 ⟹ cot y ( 1 ) = 0 = 0 = 0