Log of arithmetic progression

Algebra Level 4

If x x , y y , z z and v v are 4 integers in an arithmetic progression and

100 0 log ( x ) + 100 0 log ( y ) + 100 0 log ( z ) = 100 0 log ( v ) . 1000 ^ {\log (x)} + 1000 ^ {\log (y)} + 1000 ^ {\log (z)} = 1000 ^ {\log (v)}.

Find the minimum possible value of x + y + z + v x + y + z + v .

Clarification : All the logarithms are in base 10.


The answer is 18.

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1 solution

Karim Fawaz
Jul 15, 2016

Since

100 0 l o g ( x ) + 100 0 l o g ( y ) + 100 0 l o g ( z ) = 100 0 l o g ( v ) 1000 ^ {log (x)} + 1000 ^ {log (y)} + 1000 ^ {log (z)} = 1000 ^ {log (v)}

Therefore :

1 0 3 l o g ( x ) + 1 0 3 l o g ( y ) + 1 0 3 l o g ( z ) = 1 0 3 l o g ( v ) 10 ^ {3log (x)} + 10 ^ {3log (y)} + 10 ^ {3log (z)} = 10 ^ {3log (v)}

1 0 l o g ( x 3 ) + 1 0 l o g ( y 3 ) + 1 0 l o g ( z 3 ) = 1 0 l o g ( v 3 ) 10 ^ {log (x^{3})} + 10 ^ {log (y^{3})} + 10 ^ {log (z^{3})} = 10 ^ {log (v^{3})}

x 3 + y 3 + z 3 = v 3 x^{3} + y^{3} + z^{3} = v^{3}

Since x, y, z and v are in an arithmetic progression let :

x = a - d ; y = a ; z = a + d and v = a + 2d

We have:

( a d ) 3 + a 3 + ( a + d ) 3 = ( a + 2 d ) 3 (a - d)^{3} + a^{3} + (a + d)^{3} = (a + 2d)^{3}

Developping and symplifying we get:

a 3 3 a 2 d 3 a d 2 4 d 3 = 0 a^{3} - 3a^{2}d - 3ad^{2} - 4d^{3} = 0

Let a d = b \frac{a}{d} = b or a = bd we get:

b 3 d 3 3 b 2 d 3 3 b d 3 4 d 3 = 0 b^{3}d^{3} - 3b^{2}d^{3} - 3bd^{3} - 4d^{3} = 0

Simplifying by d 3 d^{3} we get :

b 3 3 b 2 3 b 4 = 0 b^{3} - 3b^{2} - 3b - 4 = 0

( b 4 ) ( b 2 + b + 1 ) = 0 (b - 4) (b^{2} + b + 1) = 0

The solution to this equation is b = 4 which means a = 4d.

x = 4d - d = 3d, y = a = 4d, z = 4d + d = 5d and v = 4d + 2d = 6d.

The ratio of x : y : z : v = 3 : 4 : 5 : 6.

The minimum possible values are: x = 3, y = 4, z = 5 and v = 6.

The minimum possible values of x + y + z + v = 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 = 18.

A n s w e r = 18 Answer = \boxed{18}

Moderator note:

Good solution.

For completeness, you should mention that b 2 + b + 1 = 0 b^2 +b + 1 =0 has no real roots.

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