Find the smallest positive integer k such that lo g 3 k 2 0 1 5 ! 1 + lo g 4 k 2 0 1 5 ! 1 + … + lo g 2 0 1 5 k 2 0 1 5 ! 1 > 2 0 1 5
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I am in 10th standard India. As you may expect I don't know much about series and gamma function. I have just heard their name. I used log and definition of factorial. Still I got the last inequality in your solution.
Equivalent to ∑ x = 3 2 0 1 5 lo g 2 0 1 5 ! x k = lo g 2 0 1 5 ! ( 2 0 1 5 ! ) k − lo g 2 0 1 5 ! 2 k
= k − lo g 2 0 1 5 ! 2 k > 2 0 1 5
Of course, k = 2 0 1 5 won't work since the log is greater than zero. However k = 2 0 1 6 does work because since 2 0 1 5 ! > 2 2 0 1 6 (trivial), the log will be less than one.
By using properties of logarithms The inequality will simplify to
k(log (2015!)(3)+log (2015!)(4)......log_(2015!)(2015)>2015
Using addition rule for logarithms and definition of factorial of a number
klog_(2015!)(2015!/2)>2015
Again by using properties of logarithms
k(log (2015!)(2015!)-log (2015!)(2))>2015
k(1-log_(2015!)(2))>2015
k>2015/(1-log_(2015!)(2))
k>2015.104....
Therefore k=2016.
If you understand the functions of solutions given above, then the solution will be shorter. But if you are in lower standard as me, this solution would be better.
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i = 3 ∑ 2 0 1 5 lo g i k 2 0 1 5 ! 1 ⇒ i = 3 ∑ 2 0 1 5 lo g 2 0 1 5 ! k lo g i lo g 2 0 1 5 ! k i = 3 ∑ 2 0 1 5 lo g i lo g 2 0 1 5 ! k lo g ( i = 3 ∏ 2 0 1 5 i ) lo g 2 0 1 5 ! k lo g ( 2 2 0 1 5 ! ) lo g 2 0 1 5 ! k ( lo g 2 0 1 5 ! − lo g 2 ) k ( 1 − lo g 2 0 1 5 ! lo g 2 ) k ⇒ k > 2 0 1 5 > 2 0 1 5 > 2 0 1 5 > 2 0 1 5 > 2 0 1 5 > 2 0 1 5 > 2 0 1 5 > 2 0 1 5 > 1 − lo g 2 0 1 5 ! lo g 2 2 0 1 5 Since lo g 2 0 1 5 ! lo g 2 ≈ 0
Therefore, the minimum integer k = 2 0 1 6 .