Logarithm

Algebra Level 2

Find the smallest positive integer k k such that 1 log 3 k 2015 ! + 1 log 4 k 2015 ! + + 1 log 201 5 k 2015 ! > 2015 \dfrac{1}{\log_{3^k}2015!}+\dfrac{1}{\log_{4^k}2015!}+\ldots+\dfrac{1}{\log_{2015^k}2015!}>2015


The answer is 2016.

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3 solutions

Chew-Seong Cheong
Sep 11, 2015

i = 3 2015 1 log i k 2015 ! > 2015 i = 3 2015 k log i log 2015 ! > 2015 k log 2015 ! i = 3 2015 log i > 2015 k log 2015 ! log ( i = 3 2015 i ) > 2015 k log 2015 ! log ( 2015 ! 2 ) > 2015 k log 2015 ! ( log 2015 ! log 2 ) > 2015 k ( 1 log 2 log 2015 ! ) > 2015 k > 2015 1 log 2 log 2015 ! Since log 2 log 2015 ! 0 k > 2015 \begin{aligned} \sum_{i=3}^{2015} \frac{1}{\log_{i^k}2015!} & > 2015 \\ \Rightarrow \sum_{i=3}^{2015} \frac{k \log{i}}{\log 2015!} & > 2015 \\ \frac{k}{\log 2015!} \sum_{i=3}^{2015} \log{i} & > 2015 \\ \frac{k}{\log 2015!} \log \left( \prod_{i=3}^{2015} i \right) & > 2015 \\ \frac{k}{\log 2015!} \log \left(\frac{2015!}{2} \right) & > 2015 \\ \frac{k}{\log 2015!} \left(\log{2015!}-\log{2} \right) & > 2015 \\ k \left( 1 - \frac{\log{2}}{\log{2015!}} \right) & > 2015 \\ k & > \frac{2015}{1 - \color{#3D99F6}{\frac{\log{2}}{\log{2015!}}}} \quad \quad \small \color{#3D99F6} {\text{Since } \frac{\log{2}}{\log{2015!}} \approx 0} \\ \Rightarrow k > \color{#3D99F6}{2015} \end{aligned}

Therefore, the minimum integer k = 2016 k = \boxed{2016} .

I am in 10th standard India. As you may expect I don't know much about series and gamma function. I have just heard their name. I used log and definition of factorial. Still I got the last inequality in your solution.

Laxmi Narayan Bhandari Xth B - 8 months, 3 weeks ago
Alan Yan
Aug 30, 2015

Equivalent to x = 3 2015 log 2015 ! x k = log 2015 ! ( 2015 ! ) k log 2015 ! 2 k \sum_{x= 3}^{2015}{\log_{2015!}{x^k}} = \log_{2015!}{(2015!)^k} - \log_{2015!}{2^k}

= k log 2015 ! 2 k > 2015 = k - \log_{2015!}{2^k} > 2015

Of course, k = 2015 k = 2015 won't work since the log is greater than zero. However k = 2016 \boxed{k = 2016} does work because since 2015 ! > 2 2016 2015! > 2^{2016} (trivial), the log will be less than one.

Sergio Melo
Jul 12, 2019

By using properties of logarithms The inequality will simplify to

k(log (2015!)(3)+log (2015!)(4)......log_(2015!)(2015)>2015

Using addition rule for logarithms and definition of factorial of a number

klog_(2015!)(2015!/2)>2015

Again by using properties of logarithms

k(log (2015!)(2015!)-log (2015!)(2))>2015

k(1-log_(2015!)(2))>2015

k>2015/(1-log_(2015!)(2))

k>2015.104....

Therefore k=2016.

If you understand the functions of solutions given above, then the solution will be shorter. But if you are in lower standard as me, this solution would be better.

Laxmi Narayan Bhandari Xth B - 8 months, 3 weeks ago

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