Look at it in another way

Geometry Level 3

In the diagram, A B C , C D E , E F G \triangle{ABC}, \triangle{CDE}, \triangle{EFG} and H G I \triangle{HGI} are congruent isosceles triangles. B , C , E , G B,C,E,G and I I are collinear. Suppose that A C \overline{AC} and B H \overline{BH} meet at M M and F G \overline{FG} and B H \overline{BH} meet at N N . Given [ H G N ] = 10 [HGN]=10 , then the value of [ B M C ] [BMC] is m n \frac{m}{n} for relatively prime m m and n n . Find m + n m+n .

[ A B C ] [ABC] denotes the area of figure A B C ABC .


The answer is 13.

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4 solutions

Mark Kong
Sep 15, 2014

Construct a point J J on H A \overrightarrow { HA } with distance H F HF to the left of point A A . Then B I H J BIHJ has rotational symmetry, so H N G B M A \triangle HNG \cong \triangle BMA , so [ B M A ] = 10 [BMA] = 10 .

Note that B M C \triangle BMC and B M A \triangle BMA have the same height if you take M C \overline{MC} and M A \overline{MA} to be the respective bases. Hence, [ B M A ] [ B M C ] = M A M C \frac{[BMA]}{[BMC]}=\frac{MA}{MC} .

Note that B M C H M A \triangle BMC \sim \triangle HMA , so M A M C = M H M B = B H B M 1 \frac{MA}{MC}=\frac{MH}{MB}=\frac{BH}{BM}-1 .

Note that B M C B H I \triangle BMC \sim \triangle BHI , so B H B M = B I B C = 4 \frac{BH}{BM}=\frac{BI}{BC}=4 .

Therefore, [ B M A ] [ B M C ] = 4 1 = 3 \frac{[BMA]}{[BMC]}=4-1=3 . But we know [ B M A ] = 10 [BMA]=10 , so 10 [ B M C ] = 3 \frac{10}{[BMC]}=3 , so [ B M A ] = 10 / 3 [BMA]=10/3 , so m = 10 m=10 and n = 3 n=3 , so m + n = 13 m+n=\boxed{13} .

By the intercept theorem it's easily seen that ( B G N ) = 9 ( B C M ) (BGN)=9(BCM) and that ( B G H ) = 12 ( B C M ) (BGH) = 12 (BCM) , so that ( N G H ) = 3 ( B C M ) (NGH) = 3(BCM) and eventually ( B C M ) = 10 / 3 (BCM) = 10/3 . \square

Pishi Meow
Sep 19, 2014

you can easily prove that A B C D ABCD is a parallelogram.So B C A D BC \parallel AD .repeating this for other triangles results that A , D , F , H A,D,F,H are collinear and B I A H BI \parallel AH . So A B G H ABGH is parallelogram.taking area of A B C = x \triangle ABC = x , area of B G H = 6 x 2 = 3 x \triangle BGH = \frac{6x}{2}=3x .So area of B H I = 4 x \triangle BHI = 4x . note that A C H I B M C B H I ( B C B I ) 2 = [ B C M ] [ B I H ] = 1 16 AC \parallel HI \ \Rightarrow \triangle BMC \sim \triangle BHI \Rightarrow\left( \frac{BC}{BI}\right)^2=\frac{[BCM]}{[BIH]} =\frac{1}{16} . Now prove B M C F N H \triangle BMC \cong \triangle FNH . By this we get the equation x 4 + 10 = x \frac{x}{4}+10=x . using this we can find x x and then x 4 \frac{x}{4} (area of B M C \triangle BMC )

First, is not hard to find out that B C M H F N \bigtriangleup BCM \cong \bigtriangleup HFN . Now we set B C = b \overline{BC}=b and M K = h \overline{MK}=h where M K MK is height of B C M \bigtriangleup BCM .

[ H F G ] [ H F N ] = 10 [HFG]-[HFN]=10 b 4 h 2 b h 2 = 10 \Rightarrow \frac{b\cdot 4h}{2} - \frac{bh}{2} = 10 4 b h b h = 20 \Rightarrow 4bh-bh=20 b h 2 = 10 3 \Rightarrow \frac{bh}{2}=\frac{10}{3} n + m = 10 + 3 = 13 \Rightarrow n+m=10+3=13

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