△ A B C , △ C D E , △ E F G and △ H G I are congruent isosceles triangles. B , C , E , G and I are collinear. Suppose that A C and B H meet at M and F G and B H meet at N . Given [ H G N ] = 1 0 , then the value of [ B M C ] is n m for relatively prime m and n . Find m + n .
In the diagram,[ A B C ] denotes the area of figure A B C .
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By the intercept theorem it's easily seen that ( B G N ) = 9 ( B C M ) and that ( B G H ) = 1 2 ( B C M ) , so that ( N G H ) = 3 ( B C M ) and eventually ( B C M ) = 1 0 / 3 . □
you can easily prove that A B C D is a parallelogram.So B C ∥ A D .repeating this for other triangles results that A , D , F , H are collinear and B I ∥ A H . So A B G H is parallelogram.taking area of △ A B C = x , area of △ B G H = 2 6 x = 3 x .So area of △ B H I = 4 x . note that A C ∥ H I ⇒ △ B M C ∼ △ B H I ⇒ ( B I B C ) 2 = [ B I H ] [ B C M ] = 1 6 1 . Now prove △ B M C ≅ △ F N H . By this we get the equation 4 x + 1 0 = x . using this we can find x and then 4 x (area of △ B M C )
First, is not hard to find out that △ B C M ≅ △ H F N . Now we set B C = b and M K = h where M K is height of △ B C M .
[ H F G ] − [ H F N ] = 1 0 ⇒ 2 b ⋅ 4 h − 2 b h = 1 0 ⇒ 4 b h − b h = 2 0 ⇒ 2 b h = 3 1 0 ⇒ n + m = 1 0 + 3 = 1 3
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Construct a point J on H A with distance H F to the left of point A . Then B I H J has rotational symmetry, so △ H N G ≅ △ B M A , so [ B M A ] = 1 0 .
Note that △ B M C and △ B M A have the same height if you take M C and M A to be the respective bases. Hence, [ B M C ] [ B M A ] = M C M A .
Note that △ B M C ∼ △ H M A , so M C M A = M B M H = B M B H − 1 .
Note that △ B M C ∼ △ B H I , so B M B H = B C B I = 4 .
Therefore, [ B M C ] [ B M A ] = 4 − 1 = 3 . But we know [ B M A ] = 1 0 , so [ B M C ] 1 0 = 3 , so [ B M A ] = 1 0 / 3 , so m = 1 0 and n = 3 , so m + n = 1 3 .