Looking at Digits

Algebra Level 2

Let the capital letters A A and B B be single digits that form a two-digit number when concatenated as shown below.

A B = 2 × A × B \large AB = 2 × A × B

What is the sum of the positive integer values of the capital letters?


Try Part 1


The answer is 9.

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3 solutions

Chris Lewis
Jun 6, 2020

Some sneaky factorisation works here: we can rewrite the given condition 2 A B = 10 A + B 2AB=10A+B

in the form ( 2 A 1 ) ( B 5 ) = 5 (2A-1)(B-5)=5

From this it's easy to see the only solution (in digits A , B A,B ) is A = 3 A=3 , B = 6 B=6 giving the answer 9 \boxed9 .

10 A + B = 2 A B B = 10A+B=2AB\implies B=

10 A 2 A 1 = 5 + 5 2 A 1 \dfrac{10A}{2A-1}=5+\dfrac{5}{2A-1} .

Since B 9 , 5 2 A 1 4 A 2 B\leq 9, \dfrac{5}{2A-1}\leq 4\implies A\geq 2 .

Since B B is an integer, 5 2 A 1 1 A 3 \dfrac{5}{2A-1}\geq 1\implies A\leq 3 .

Hence A A can either be 2 2 or be 3 3 . It's easy to check that B B is an integer for A = 3 A=3 only, and the value of B B is 6 6 .

So A + B = 9 A+B=\boxed 9 .

Kaizen Cyrus
Jun 6, 2020

A B = 2 × A × B 10 x + y = 2 x y \large \begin{aligned} AB = & \space 2 × A × B \\ 10x+y = & \space 2xy\end{aligned}

If 2 x y 2xy ends with the digit y y (as seen in 10 x + y 10x+y ), then 2 x 2x must either be 1 1 or 6 6 . But 2 x 2x can't be 1 1 since it would mean that x x is non-integer. So x x must be 3 3 .

30 + y = 6 y \large 30+y = 6y

The only multiples of 6 6 in the line of 30 30 is 30 30 and 36 36 . If 30 + y = 30 30+y=30 , that would mean y y is 0 0 . So 30 + y 30+y must be equal to 36 36 . Meaning, y y must be 6 6 .

A = 3 , B = 6 \large \begin{array}{ccc} A = 3, & & B = 6 \end{array}

The values' sum is 3 + 6 = 9 3+6=\boxed{9} .

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