Looks like half the figure, right?

Geometry Level 3

A unit square A B C D ABCD is such that M M and N N are the midpoints of B C BC and C D CD respectively. A straight line is drawn from A A to N N and another from D D to M M . This two lines A N AN and D M DM meet at O O which is inside square A B C D ABCD . Let the area of A B M O ABMO be a b \frac{a}{b} for coprime positive integers a a and b b . a + b = ? a+b=\boxed{?}


The answer is 31.

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2 solutions

Marco Brezzi
Aug 11, 2017

. .

Put A B C D ABCD in a coordinate system as above

We have to find the intersection O O between the lines passing trhough A N AN and D M DM

{ l A N : y = 2 x l D M : y = 1 2 x + 1 \begin{cases} l_{AN}:y=2x\\ l_{DM}:y=-\dfrac{1}{2}x+1 \end{cases}

O = ( 2 5 , 4 5 ) \Longrightarrow O=\left(\dfrac{2}{5},\dfrac{4}{5}\right)

Using Gauss shoelace formula to calculate the area of O D N \triangle ODN :

A O D N = 1 2 2 5 + 1 2 ( 2 5 + 4 10 ) = 1 20 A_{ODN}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left|\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\left(\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{4}{10}\right)\right|=\dfrac{1}{20}

We can now calculate the area of A B M O ABMO :

A A B M O = A A B C D A A D N A M C D + A O D N = 1 1 2 1 2 + 1 20 = 11 20 = a b \begin{aligned} A_{ABMO}&=\mathbin{\color{#D61F06}A_{ABCD}}- \mathbin{\color{#3D99F6}A_{ADN}}-\mathbin{\color{#20A900}A_{MCD}}+\mathbin{\color{#CEBB00} A_{ODN}}\\ &=\mathbin{\color{#D61F06}1}- \mathbin{\color{#3D99F6}\dfrac{1}{2}}-\mathbin{\color{#20A900}\dfrac{1}{2}}+\mathbin{\color{#CEBB00}\dfrac{1}{20}}=\dfrac{11}{20}=\dfrac{a}{b} \end{aligned}

a + b = 11 + 20 = 31 \Longrightarrow a+b=11+20=\boxed{31}

This looks good too! (+1)

Noel Lo - 3 years, 10 months ago
Noel Lo
Aug 10, 2017

Let P P be the midpoint of A D AD and Q Q be a point on B Q BQ so that M Q MQ is perpendicular to B P BP . Now note that B A P = B Q M = 90 \angle BAP=\angle BQM=90 degrees and A B P = A B M Q B M = 90 Q B M = 180 90 Q B M = 180 B Q M Q B M = B M Q \angle ABP=\angle ABM-\angle QBM=90-\angle QBM=180-90-\angle QBM=180-\angle BQM-\angle QBM=\angle BMQ . As such, A B P \triangle ABP and Q M B \triangle QMB are similar triangles.

Now let B Q = x BQ=x . If A B = 1 AB=1 , then A P = B M = 1 2 AP=BM=\frac{1}{2} . Then considering that A B P \triangle ABP and Q M B \triangle QMB are similar, B Q Q M = A P A B = 1 2 \frac{BQ}{QM}=\frac{AP}{AB}=\frac{1}{2} . We have x Q M = 1 2 \frac{x}{QM}=\frac{1}{2} therefore Q M = 2 x QM=2x . Employing Pythagoras' Theorem:

B Q 2 + Q M 2 = B M 2 BQ^2+QM^2=BM^2

x 2 + ( 2 x ) 2 = ( 1 2 ) 2 x^2+(2x)^2=(\frac{1}{2})^2

x 2 + 2 2 x 2 = 1 2 2 x^2+2^2x^2=\frac{1}{2^2}

( 1 + 4 ) x 2 = 1 4 (1+4)x^2=\frac{1}{4}

5 x 2 = 1 4 5x^2=\frac{1}{4}

x 2 = 1 5 × 4 x^2=\frac{1}{5\times4}

x 2 = 1 20 x^2=\frac{1}{20}

Next B P A B = B M Q M \frac{BP}{AB}=\frac{BM}{QM} or B P 1 = 1 2 2 x \frac{BP}{1}=\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{2x} which means B P = 1 4 x BP=\frac{1}{4x} .

Letting R R be where A N AN and B P BP meet, we also see that A R P \triangle ARP and M Q B \triangle MQB are congruent triangles so that A R = Q M = 2 x AR=QM=2x and P R = B Q = x PR=BQ=x .

So area of A R B = 1 2 × A R × B R = 1 2 × 2 x × ( 1 4 x x ) = x × ( 1 4 x x ) = 1 4 x 2 \triangle ARB=\frac{1}{2}\times AR \times BR=\frac{1}{2}\times 2x \times (\frac{1}{4x}-x)=x \times (\frac{1}{4x}-x)=\frac{1}{4}-x^2 , area of B Q M = 1 2 × B Q × Q M = 1 2 × x × 2 x = x 2 \triangle BQM=\frac{1}{2}\times BQ \times QM=\frac{1}{2}\times x \times 2x=x^2 and area of rectangle Q R O M = Q M × Q R = 2 x ( 1 4 x 2 x ) = 1 2 4 x 2 QROM=QM \times QR=2x(\frac{1}{4x}-2x)=\frac{1}{2}-4x^2 .

Adding these three areas gives us 3 4 4 x 2 = 3 4 4 20 = 3 × 5 4 × 5 4 20 = 15 20 4 20 = 15 4 20 = 11 20 \frac{3}{4}-4x^2=\frac{3}{4}-\frac{4}{20}=\frac{3\times 5}{4\times 5}-\frac{4}{20}=\frac{15}{20}-\frac{4}{20}=\frac{15-4}{20}=\frac{11}{20}

a = 11 , b = 20 a=11, b=20 hence a + b = 11 + 20 = 31 a+b=11+20=\boxed{31}

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