Lunar New Year Countdown Function

Algebra Level 5

f ( x ) = x 12 + 2 x 11 + 3 x 10 + 4 x 9 + 5 x 8 + 6 x 7 + 7 x 6 + 8 x 5 + 9 x 4 + 10 x 3 + 11 x 2 + 12 x + 13 \small f(x) = x^{12} + 2x^{11} + 3x^{10} + 4x^9 + 5x^8 + 6x^7 + 7x^6 + 8x^5 + 9x^4 + 10x^3 + 11x^2 + 12x + 13

How many roots of f ( x ) f(x) (including repeated ones) are within a unit distance from the origin in the Argand plane ?

Inspiration.

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 None of the above.

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1 solution

Mark Hennings
Feb 9, 2021

It is easy to show that ( x 1 ) f ( x ) = k = 1 13 x k 13 (x-1)f(x) \; = \; \sum_{k=1}^{13}x^k - 13 If z 1 |z| \le 1 then k = 1 13 z k k = 1 13 z k 13 \left|\sum_{k=1}^{13}z^k\right| \;\le \; \sum_{k=1}^{13} |z|^k \; \le \; 13 with equality precisely when z = 1 z=1 , Thus ( z 1 ) f ( z ) 0 (z-1)f(z) \neq 0 for z 1 |z| \le 1 except when z = 1 z=1 . Since f ( 1 ) = 91 0 f(1) = 91 \neq 0 , we deduce that f ( z ) 0 f(z) \neq 0 whenever z 1 |z| \le 1 , making the answer 0 \boxed{0} .

oh ahahha silly me I did my way by just adding all of them and multiplying

Ciara Ortiz - 3 months ago

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