Lying in the same plane

Geometry Level 2

True or False?

The four points ( 0 , 1 , 0 ) , ( 2 , 1 , 1 ) , ( 1 , 1 , 1 ) , (0,-1,0), (2,1,-1),(1,1,1), and ( 3 , 3 , 0 ) (3,3,0) are coplanar.

True False

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2 solutions

Sam Bealing
Apr 17, 2016

Yes, they all lie on the plane: 4 x 3 y + 2 z = 3 4x-3y+2z=3 Therefore they are all coplanar .

How I worked out the plane:

For any three points we can find a plane so we find the plane through the first three points and check if the fourth point is on this plane.

We can work out two vectors on the plane by subtracting pairs of points:

( 0 1 0 ) ( 2 1 1 ) = ( 2 2 1 ) , ( 0 1 0 ) ( 1 1 1 ) = ( 1 2 1 ) \begin{pmatrix} 0\\ -1\\ 0\\ \end{pmatrix}-\begin{pmatrix} 2\\ 1\\ -1\\ \end{pmatrix}=\begin{pmatrix} -2\\ -2\\ 1\\ \end{pmatrix} ,\begin{pmatrix} 0\\ -1\\ 0\\ \end{pmatrix}-\begin{pmatrix} 1\\ 1\\ 1\\ \end{pmatrix} =\begin{pmatrix} -1\\ -2\\ -1\\ \end{pmatrix}

We then find the crossproduct to find the normal vector:

( 2 2 1 ) × ( 1 2 1 ) = ( 4 3 2 ) \begin{pmatrix} -2\\ -2\\ 1\\ \end{pmatrix} \times \begin{pmatrix} -1\\ -2\\ -1\\ \end{pmatrix}=\begin{pmatrix} 4\\ -3\\ 2\\ \end{pmatrix}

So the plane is therefore (using one of the points):

4 x 3 y + 2 z = d 4 ( 0 ) 3 ( 1 ) + 2 ( 0 ) = 3 = d 4x-3y+2z=d \Rightarrow 4(0)-3(-1)+2(0)=3=d

So the plane is therefore:

4 x 3 y + 2 z = 3 4x-3y+2z=3

We can check if the third point lies on the plane:

4 ( 3 ) 3 ( 3 ) + 2 ( 0 ) = 3 4(3)-3(3)+2(0)=3

So the fourth point is on the same point as the first three so they are coplanar.

Moderator note:

Good approach.

Using vectors, a slightly more direct way is to use the scalar triple product to calculate the volume of the tetrahedron bounded by these 4 points and show that it is equal to 0.

You could write down the steps to find the equation of the plane to make the solution complete. Thanks!

Sandeep Bhardwaj - 5 years, 1 month ago

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I've fixed it now. Sorry, I didn't have time to do it when I posted the solution the first time.

Sam Bealing - 5 years, 1 month ago

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Wonderful, thanks a ton!

Sandeep Bhardwaj - 5 years, 1 month ago
Ehtesham Hussain
Sep 13, 2017

Equation of plane passing through 3 points (0,-1,0) (2,1,-1) (1,1,1) Matrix [X-0. Y+1. Z-0]. First row [2-0. 1+1. -1+0] second row [1-0. 1+1. 1-0]third row Solve the matrix equation of plane is 4x-3y+2z=3 Now four points are coplanar if 4th point (3,3,0) satisfies the above plane equation LHS:- 4 3-3 3=12-9=3=RHS

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