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Find the number of integer pairs of ( m , n ) (m,n) such that 9 m + 9 n 0 (mod 5) 9^m + 9^n \equiv 0 \text{ (mod 5)} for 0 m , n 100 0 \le m,n \le 100 .

Inspired for Tapas Mazumdar.


The answer is 5100.

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1 solution

Chew-Seong Cheong
Jan 17, 2017

Let us consider the last digit of a power of 9.

9 k ( 10 1 ) k (mod 10) where k is a non-negative integer. ( 1 ) k (mod 10) \begin{aligned} 9^k & \equiv (10-1)^k \text{ (mod 10)} & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{where }k \text{ is a non-negative integer.} \\ & \equiv (-1)^k \text{ (mod 10)} \end{aligned}

9 k { 1 9 (mod 10) if k is odd. 1 (mod 10) if k is even. \implies 9^k \equiv \begin{cases} -1 \equiv 9 \text{ (mod 10)} & \text{if } k \text{ is odd.} \\ 1 \text{ (mod 10)} & \text{if } k \text{ is even.} \end{cases}

Therefore, when m m is odd and n n is even or m m is even and n n is odd, 9 m + 9 n 1 + 9 10 0 (mod 10) 0 (mod 5) 9^m + 9^n \equiv 1 + 9 \equiv 10 \equiv 0 \text{ (mod 10)} \equiv 0 \text{ (mod 5)} . Since there are 50 odd integers and 51 even integers from 0 to 100, both inclusive, the number of pairs of ( m , n ) (m, n) is 2 × 51 × 50 = 5100 2\times 51 \times 50 = \boxed{5100} .

Ah , a perfect solution which I wanted.

Md Zuhair - 4 years, 4 months ago

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