Manipulating the Roots of a Cubic

Let a a , b b , and c c be the roots of the polynomial x 3 + x 1 x^3+x-1 . Find

1 + a 1 a + 1 + b 1 b + 1 + c 1 c \dfrac{1+a}{1-a}+\dfrac{1+b}{1-b}+\dfrac{1+c}{1-c}


The answer is 5.

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3 solutions

Kanthi Deep
May 10, 2014

Let x =(1+a)/(1-a) .. By componendo and dividendo we get a=(x-1)/(x+1) Since 'a' is root of given equation so substituting the value of 'a' in given equation that equation transforms to an equation whose roots are (1+a)/(1-a) , (1+b)/(1-b) , (1+c)/(1-c) Now find sum of roots ofobtaining equation using formula -(coeff of x^2)/(coeff of x^3) We get required result

Exactly! :D

Finn Hulse - 7 years, 1 month ago

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Woah!! I'm the first to finish! ( and I will dedicate a note to the first couple of people to finish them. ).

@Finn Hulse are you following me........ 2 of your problems in this set became rated as soon as I solved them : ( had I waited for some time I could've easily got on level#5 in algebra.) Please solve and reshare my unrated problem The Professor's Probability .

Also, you were correct that the unrated problems are the best ones : )

Satvik Golechha - 7 years, 1 month ago

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Yay! I totally will! :D

Finn Hulse - 7 years, 1 month ago
Romeo Gomez
Apr 10, 2015

Let's work on the fractions ( 1 + a 1 a + 1 ) + ( 1 + b 1 b + 1 ) + ( 1 + c 1 c + 1 ) 3 (\frac{1+a}{1-a}+1)+(\frac{1+b}{1-b}+1)+(\frac{1+c}{1-c}+1)-3 = ( 1 + a 1 a + 1 a 1 a ) + ( 1 + b 1 b + 1 b 1 b ) + ( 1 + c 1 c + 1 c 1 c ) 3 =(\frac{1+a}{1-a}+\frac{1-a}{1-a})+(\frac{1+b}{1-b}+\frac{1-b}{1-b})+(\frac{1+c}{1-c}+\frac{1-c}{1-c})-3 2 ( 1 1 a + 1 1 b + 1 1 c ) 3 , 2(\frac{1}{1-a}+\frac{1}{1-b}+\frac{1}{1-c})-3, so 2 ( 2 2 ( a + b + c ) + ( a b + a c + b c ) + 1 ( 1 a ) ( 1 b ) ( 1 c ) ) 3 2(\frac{2-2(a+b+c)+(ab+ac+bc)+1}{(1-a)(1-b)(1-c)})-3 2 ( 2 2 ( a + b + c ) + ( a b + a c + b c ) + 1 1 ( a + b + c ) + a b + a c + b c a b c ) 3 , 2(\frac{2-2(a+b+c)+(ab+ac+bc)+1}{1-(a+b+c)+ab+ac+bc-abc})-3, ok now by Vieta's formulas we have a + b + c = 0 a+b+c=0 a b + a c + b c = 1 ab+ac+bc=1 a b c = 1 , abc=1, hence 2 2 + 0 + 1 + 1 1 0 + 1 1 3 = 8 3 = 5 , 2\frac{2+0+1+1}{1-0+1-1}-3=8-3=5, so 1 + a 1 a + 1 + b 1 b + 1 + c 1 c = 5 \boxed{\frac{1+a}{1-a}+\frac{1+b}{1-b}+\frac{1+c}{1-c}=5}

Perfect manipulation.

Finn Hulse - 6 years, 2 months ago

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Thanks !! :D

Romeo Gomez - 5 years, 12 months ago
Thanh Viet
May 13, 2014

P is the correct answer. We have: P=(3-a-b-c-ab-bc-ac+3abc) / (1-a-b-c+ab+ac+bc-abc); Apply Viet theorem, we have: a+b+c=0; ab+ac+bc=1; abc=1; Hence P=5/1=5. 5 is the correct answer.

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