Mass of a cylinder.

Calculus Level 2

The cylinder x 2 + y 2 R 2 , z [ 0 , h ] x^2+y^2\leq R^2, z\in[0,h] , with radius R = 0.5 R=0.5 and height h = 1 h=1 , has a mass density function of ρ ( x , y , z ) = z ( x 2 + y 2 ) 2 \rho(x,y,z)=z(x^2+y^2)^2 . If the mass of this cylinder can be expressed as M = π a b 7 M=\frac{\pi}{ab^7} , enter a + b a+b .


The answer is 5.

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2 solutions

We consider an elementary hollow cylinder with radius r r , thickness d r dr and height d z dz located at an elevation of z z .

Then the differential volume of the elementary cylinder is

d V = 2 π r d r d z dV = 2\pi rdrdz

We know that d M d V \Large\frac{dM}{dV} = ρ = \rho where M M is the mass, V V is the volume and ρ \rho is the density of any given body.

In our question, ρ = z ( x 2 + y 2 ) 2 = z ( r 2 ) 2 = z r 4 \rho = z(x^2 + y^2)^2 = z(r^2)^2 = zr^4 . So d M = ρ d V d M = ( z r 4 ) ( 2 π r d r d z ) dM = \rho dV\newline \Rightarrow dM = (zr^4)(2\pi rdrdz)

M = 2 π 0 h 0 R z r 5 d r d z \Rightarrow M = 2\pi\int_{0}^{h}\int_{0}^{R}zr^5drdz

M = 2 π 0 h z ( 0 R r 5 d r ) d z \Rightarrow M = 2\pi\int_{0}^{h}z\Big(\int_{0}^{R}r^5dr\Big)dz

M = 2 π 0 h z R 6 6 \Rightarrow M = 2\pi\int_{0}^{h}\Large\frac{zR^6}{6} d z dz

M = 2 π R 6 6 \Rightarrow M = \Large\frac{2\pi R^6}{6} 0 h z d z \int_{0}^{h}zdz

M = 2 π R 6 6 h 2 2 \Rightarrow M = \Large\frac{2\pi R^6}{6}\cdot \frac{h^2}{2}

M = π R 6 h 2 6 \Rightarrow M = \Large\frac{\pi R^6h^2}{6}

Putting R = 1 2 R = \Large\frac{1}{2} and h = 1 h = 1 we get

M = π 2 6 6 = π 3 2 7 M = \Large\frac{\pi}{2^6\cdot 6} = \frac{\pi}{3\cdot 2^7}

So, a = 3 a = 3 and b = 2 a + b = 5 b = 2 \Rightarrow a + b = \boxed{5}

Tom Engelsman
Apr 14, 2020

We require the triple integral in cylindrical coordinates:

M = 0 2 π 0 1 / 2 0 1 z ( r 2 ) 2 r d z d r d θ = 0 2 π 0 1 / 2 0 1 z r 5 d z d r d θ = π 384 = π 3 2 7 . M = \int_{0}^{2\pi} \int_{0}^{1/2} \int_{0}^{1} z(r^2)^{2} \cdot r dzdrd\theta = \int_{0}^{2\pi} \int_{0}^{1/2} \int_{0}^{1} zr^5 dzdrd\theta = \frac{\pi}{384} = \boxed{\frac{\pi}{3\cdot2^{7}}}.

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