The sum x = 1 ∑ 9 9 x ! ⋅ x is equal to:
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Relative wiki : Telescoping Series - Sum
We have:
x = 1 ∑ n x ! ⋅ x = x = 1 ∑ n ( x ! ⋅ ( x + 1 − 1 ) ) = x = 1 ∑ n ( x ! ⋅ ( x + 1 ) ) − x = 1 ∑ n x ! = x = 1 ∑ n ( x + 1 ) ! − x = 1 ∑ n x ! = ( n + 1 ) ! − 1
With n = 9 9 then the value of the sum is 1 0 0 ! − 1 .
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We can show ∑ x = 1 n ( x ! x ) = ( n + 1 ) ! − 1 by induction on n , with the case n = 1 being trivial: ∑ x = 1 n + 1 ( x ! x ) = ( n + 1 ) ! − 1 + ( n + 1 ) ! ( n + 1 ) = ( n + 2 ) ! − 1