Maximum

Algebra Level 2

Let a , b , c a,b,c be positive real numbers such that a + b + c = 3 a+b+c=3 . Determine, with certainty, the largest possible value of the expression a a 3 + b 2 + c + b b 3 + c 2 + a + c c 3 + a 2 + b \large \frac{a}{a^3+b^2+c}+\frac{b}{b^3+c^2+a}+\frac{c}{c^3+a^2+b}


The answer is 1.

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1 solution

Sathvik Acharya
Jan 24, 2018

I am pretty sure this is not the best solution available, so keep trying!

Observe that, a a 3 + b 2 + c + b b 3 + c 2 + a + c c 3 + a 2 + b = 1 a 2 + b 2 a + c a + 1 b 2 + c 2 b + a b + 1 c 2 + a 2 c + b c \large {\frac {a}{a^3+b^2+c}+\frac {b}{b^3+c^2+a}+\frac {c}{c^3+a^2+b}= \frac {1}{a^2+\frac {b^2}{a}+\frac {c}{a}}+\frac {1}{b^2+\frac{c^2}{b}+\frac {a}{b}}+\frac {1}{c^2+\frac {a^2}{c}+\frac {b}{c}}} .

By the Cauchy-Schwarz Inequality ,

( a 2 + b 2 a + c a ) ( 1 + a + a c ) ( a + b + c ) 2 = 9 a 2 + b 2 a + c a 9 1 + a + a c 1 a 2 + b 2 a + c a 1 + a + a c 9 (a^2+\frac{b^2}{a}+\frac{c}{a})(1+a+ac) \geq (a+b+c)^2=9 \implies a^2+\frac{b^2}{a}+\frac{c}{a} \geq \frac{9}{1+a+ac} \implies \large{\frac{1}{a^2+\frac{b^2}{a}+\frac{c}{a}} \leq \frac{1+a+ac}{9}} .

Similarly, 1 b 2 + c 2 b + a b 1 + b + b a 9 \large{\frac {1}{b^2+\frac{c^2}{b}+\frac {a}{b}} \leq \frac{1+b+ba}{9}} and 1 c 2 + a 2 c + b c 1 + c + c b 9 . \large{\frac {1}{c^2+\frac {a^2}{c}+\frac {b}{c}} \leq \frac{1+c+cb}{9}}.

Adding these resuts we get, a a 3 + b 2 + c + b b 3 + c 2 + a + c c 3 + a 2 + b = 1 a 2 + b 2 a + c a + 1 b 2 + c 2 b + a b + 1 c 2 + a 2 c + b c 1 + 1 + 1 + a + b + c + a b + b c + c a 9 = 6 + a b + b c + c a 9 . \large {\frac {a}{a^3+b^2+c}+\frac {b}{b^3+c^2+a}+\frac {c}{c^3+a^2+b}= \frac {1}{a^2+\frac {b^2}{a}+\frac {c}{a}}+\frac {1}{b^2+\frac{c^2}{b}+\frac {a}{b}}+\frac {1}{c^2+\frac {a^2}{c}+\frac {b}{c}} \leq \frac{1+1+1+a+b+c+ab+bc+ca}{9}=\frac{6+ab+bc+ca}{9}.} .

Now the claim is that a b + b c + c a 3. ab+bc+ca \leq 3. If we substitute this in the above inequality we get a a 3 + b 2 + c + b b 3 + c 2 + a + c c 3 + a 2 + b 1 \large {\frac {a}{a^3+b^2+c}+\frac {b}{b^3+c^2+a}+\frac {c}{c^3+a^2+b}} \leq \boxed{1}

Proof of the claim that a b + b c + c a 3 ab+bc+ca \leq 3 is left to the readers :) Hint: Use 2 ( a b + b c + c a ) = ( a + b + c ) 2 a 2 b 2 c 2 2(ab+bc+ca)=(a+b+c)^2-a^2-b^2-c^2

Very nice solution.

I don't know why you feel it's a poor format,but latex is absolutely fine.

Vilakshan Gupta - 3 years, 4 months ago

Nice solutions

Vishal Kumar - 2 years, 11 months ago

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